FETC 2007

1. FETC 2007 Virtual Marine ScienceDr. Sally BechtGateway High SchoolKissimmee, Floridabechts@osceola.k12.fl.us

2. Introductionto Virtual Marine Science

3. Virtual Marine Science The following slides keynote the general topics covered virtually (using multimedia virtual labs and presentations keyed to the textbook and the Sunshine State Standards) integrated with short videos and vodcasts incorporated with worksheets designed to motivate students in a science course with a classroom void of lab resources!

4. Key Concepts • Marine and terrestrial environments are interrelated, interactive, and interdependent. • The ocean is an important source of food and other resources for humans. • Marine biology is the study of the sea’s diverse inhabitants and their relationships to each other and their environment.

5. Importance of the Oceans and Marine Organisms • Principal physical feature of the planet • Drive weather patterns

6. Importance of the Oceans and Marine Organisms • Productive—provides substantial part of the human food supply • Marine organisms are useful as subjects of scientific study for many areas of research

7. Marine ScienceStudy of the Sea and Its Inhabitants • Oceanography • study of the oceans and their phenomena, such as waves, currents and tides • Marine biology • study of the living organisms that inhabit the seas and their interactions with each other and their environment • Ecology of the marine environment • study of the balance of nature in the oceans

8. Hammerhead Shark Rangiroa Atoll

9. Marine Science: A History of Changing Perspectives • Early studies of marine organisms • Aristotle and the “ladder of life” • Pliny the Elder’s Natural History • Renewed interest in marine organisms • voyage of the HMS Beagle and Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species • discovery of organisms on retrieved transatlantic telegraph cable

10. Darwin studied barnacles, adaptations of animals, and the formation of atolls. He returned to England with animals from around the world.

11. He was the naturalist on the HMS Beagle. During this • five year voyage, he was sea-sick much of the time. • His thoughts on evolution were so controversial, he waited • years to publish his work.

12. Marine Science: A History of Changing Perspectives • Beginnings of modern marine science • Challenger expedition • 4,700 new species collected and described • Charles Wyville Thomson collected plankton • marine studies in the United States • expeditions of Alexander Agassiz • funding of the first marine biology laboratory: Anderson Summer School of Natural History, predecessor of the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole • other U.S. marine laboratories

13. Alexander Agassiz

14. Marine Science: A History of Changing Perspectives • Marine science in the twentieth century • Fridtjof Nansen’s Arctic expedition • Sir Alistair Hardy’s Antarctic expedition • Marine science today • Deep-sea submersibles • Information sharing via the Internet

15. Key Concepts • Marine laboratories play an important role in education, conservation, and biological research.

16. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Mass. Mote Marine Laboratory Sarasota, Florida

17. Woods Hole Mass.

18. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Research Institute, Fort Pierce, Florida

19. Rosenstiel School of Marine Science University of Miami, Miami, Florida

20. Scripps Oceanographic Research Institute La Jolla, California FLIP Floating Instrument Platform

21. Hubbs – Sea World Research Institute San Diego, California Orlando, Florida Soon to be in Melbourne, Florida

22. Important Marine Science Researchers THESE ARE SOME OF MY PERSONAL FAVORITES! • Co-inventor of the Aqua-Lung, the • first modern SCUBA gear. • Changed the way people view the ocean though countless books, films and TV series. • Inspiration for many of today’s marine scientists. • His research vessel, the “Calypso” is still used today. • Work is continued by his son, Jean-Michael Cousteau Jacques Yves Cousteau

23. Dr. Sylvia Earle Dubbed ”Her Deepness” Ambassador for the world’s ocean Holds diving records Walked on seafloor deeper than anyone

24. Dr. Robert Ballard • Most known for his discovery of the Titanic, 1985 • Revolutionized undersea exploration through the use of ROVs • Discovered hydrothermal vents in 1977 • Mission is to explore the deep sea and educate students • Jason Foundation for education and Immersion

25. Dr. Peter Auster • Ecologist and conservation biologist • Research focus is marine fishes • Participated in hundreds of dives using occupied submersibles • and ROVs = Remote Operated Vehicles • Studies conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. • NOAA named him an Environmental Hero for the year 2000

26. Dr. Eugene Clark • World known ichthyologist • Known as “The Shark Lady” • Founder and senior researcher at Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota

27. Some very well known submersibles: Johnson Sea Link based at HBOI Alvin based at WHOI Mir I and II, Russia

28. Key Concepts • It is important to study marine science in order to make informed decisions about how the oceans and their resources should be used and managed. • Scientists use an organized approach called the scientific method to investigate natural phenomena.

29. Steps in the Scientific Method • Making observations • Using inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis • Using deductive reasoning to design experiments • experimental variable • experimental set • control set

30. Steps in the Scientific Method • Gathering results • Drawing conclusions • theory versus hypothesis • Plant growth in a salt marsh: a case study of the scientific method • observation of growth patterns and analysis of soil samples • experiment to test hypothesis • analysis of results of the experiment

34. Process of Science • Alternative methods of science • experimentation is not always possible • observational science – observation alone must be used to support or deny the hypothesis