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U.S. History 101

U.S. History 101. Balancing Liberty & Order (1753-1820). Election of 1796. Washington chose not to run for a 3 rd term John Adams – Federalist Thomas Jefferson – Republican Adams 71 electoral votes Jefferson 68 electoral votes. John Adams’ Presidency.

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U.S. History 101

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  1. U.S. History 101 Balancing Liberty & Order (1753-1820)

  2. Election of 1796 • Washington chose not to run for a 3rd term • John Adams – Federalist • Thomas Jefferson – Republican • Adams 71 electoral votes • Jefferson 68 electoral votes

  3. John Adams’ Presidency

  4. Federalists vs. Jeffersonian Republicans

  5. “as real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form” - Jefferson • Nasty campaign • Jefferson wins after 36 ballots in the House • Importance: Peaceful transition of power • Led to passage of 12th Amendment

  6. Jefferson’s Presidency • Reduced the amount of taxes paid to the Federal Government • Cut the size of the federal bureaucracy • Cut the size of the Army to 3000 men • Judiciary Acts 1789 3 circuit courts and 13 district courts • Judiciary Act 1801 Reduce the amount of Supreme Court Justices

  7. Marbury v. Madison • Adams filled judicial post with Federalist • Adams appointed John Marshall as Chief Justice • William Marbury justice of the peace for DC • Jefferson tried to deny appointments from Adams • Secretary of State James Madison never delivered the official papers giving Marbury his authority • Marbury sued Madison • Marshall declared part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional • Established “Judicial Review”

  8. Louisiana Purchase 1803

  9. Land Act of 1800: Americans were able to buy land in small parcels and on credit • Napoleon: French controlled the Mississippi River • Charged Americans to traders • James Monroe: Sent to Paris to purchase New Orleans for up to $10 million • Napoleon wanted to sell the Louisiana region for $15 million

  10. Expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark • There goal was to explore the new territory: Scientific and commercial • Left from St. Louis • Sacajawea: Shoshone Tribe and Interpreter • Demonstrated the possibility of overland travel to the Pacific Coast • Americans territory was destine to reach the West

  11. Battle of Tippecanoe 11/7/1811 • Tecumseh: Shawnee in the Indiana Territory • U.S. Government convinced a small population of Natives to sell of parts of their land • He protested to then Governor William Henry Harrison • Tenskwatawa attacked Harrison’s militia and soldiers of 1000 men. • Neither side won • Destroyed Native relations

  12. 1812-1814; U.S. vs. Britain & natives Causes British support of Natives attacking U.S. Anger over impressments Embargo Act of 1807 – U.S. stops trading with all nations Economic recession in America; Depression in Britain Britain burns Washington, D.C. Hartford Convention (1814) – New England threatens to secede Treaty of Ghent (Dec. 1814) ends war. Old boundaries restored. Battle of New Orleans (Jan. 1815) U.S. defeats British Makes Andrew Jackson a national hero War of 1812

  13. Battle of Baltimore • British bombardment of Fort McHenry • Francis Scott Keys • Star-Spangled Banner

  14. By Gilbert Stuart

  15. Panic of 1819 – economic depression hits Missouri Compromise (1820) After the War

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