The Word Is Alive The Gospel of Luke

1. The Word Is AliveThe Gospel of Luke Chapter Twenty Three Presented by Tony Gillon

2. Chapter Twenty Three • Luke 22:1–23:56 - The Suffering and Death of Jesus (continues/concludes)

3. Chapter Twenty Three • Luke 22:1–23:56 - The Suffering and Death of Jesus (continues/concludes) • Luke 22:39–23:56 - The arrest and trial (continues/concludes)

4. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Summary of Chapter Twenty three • Jesus before Pilate and Herod.

5. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Summary of Chapter Twenty three • Jesus before Pilate and Herod. • Jesus is crucified.

6. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:1–5 - Jesus before Pilate

7. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:1–5 - Jesus before Pilate • Pilate said, Take him yourselves and judge him by your own law. But we have no right to execute anyone, the Jews objected. • (John 18:31).

8. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • The Jewish religious leaders lacked the final authority to impose the death penalty and the charge of blasphemy was insufficient for a death sentence under Roman rule. • So Jesus was sent to the Roman governor Pilate for trial.

9. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 1 Then the whole assembly rose and led him off to Pilate.

10. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 1 Then the whole assembly rose and led him off to Pilate. • The whole assembly rose: • The assembly is the Sanhedrin. They would now change the charge from blasphemy to disaffection against Cæsar to effect the death penalty on Jesus.

11. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Off to Pilate: • Pilate was the governor of Judæa and he was in Jerusalem for the festival, as there was a history of disturbances around this time.

12. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Off to Pilate: • Pilate was the governor of Judæa and he was in Jerusalem for the festival, as there was a history of disturbances around this time. • Now there were some present at that time who told Jesus about the Galilæans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices. • (Luke 13:1).

13. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Cæsarea was a city with a large Greek-speaking population, rebuilt by Herod the Great, with a significant harbour. • Herod built a magnificent palace on a promontory out into the sea.

14. Herod’s Palace in Cæsarea

15. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 2 And they began to accuse him, saying, We have found this man subverting our nation. He opposes payment of taxes to Cæsar and claims to be Christ, a king.

16. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • They began to accuse or bring charges against him as they did against Paul before Felix in Acts Chapter 24 and Festus in Acts Chapter 25. • The religious grounds of Jesus’ condemnation would be of little interest to Rome so the Sanhedrin changed them to political ones.

17. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • The first charge subverting our nation involves seducing the nation away from loyalty to Rome.

18. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • The first charge subverting our nation involves seducing the nation away from loyalty to Rome. • The second, which opposes payment of taxes or tribute to Cæsar is clearly false.

19. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Is it right for us to pay taxes to Cæsar or not? He saw through their duplicity and said to them, Show me a denarius. Whose portrait and inscription are on it? Cæsar’s, they replied. He said to them, Then give to Cæsar what is Cæsar’s, and to God what is God’s. (Luke 20:22–26).

20. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • The third is that he claims to be Christ, a king • Pilate then went back inside the palace, summoned Jesus and asked him, Are you the king of the Jews? Is that your own idea, Jesus asked, or did others talk to you about me? Am I a Jew? Pilate replied. It was your people and your chief priests who handed you over to me. What is it you have done? Jesus said, My kingdom is not of this world. (Continued).

21. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • If it were, my servants would fight to prevent my arrest by the Jews. But now my kingdom is from another place. You are a king, then! said Pilate. Jesus answered, You are right in saying I am a king. In fact, for this reason I was born, and for this I came into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone on the side of truth listens to me. • (John 18:33-37).

22. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 3 So Pilate asked Jesus, Are you the king of the Jews? Yes, it is as you say, Jesus replied.

23. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 3 So Pilate asked Jesus, Are you the king of the Jews? Yes, it is as you say, Jesus replied. • Pilate focuses on the third charge and asks:  • are you the King of the Jews? Jesus’ answers  • it is as you say, which is affirmative and repeats his earlier reply.

24. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Jesus was the Christ and a king but was not there to oppose Rome or any other civil authorities. He was there to gather the lost sheep of Israel. • He had avoided being made king by the Jews: • Jesus, knowing that they intended to come and make him king by force, withdrew again to a mountain by himself (John 6:15).

25. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 4 Then Pilate announced to the chief priests and the crowd, I find no basis for a charge against this man. • 5 But they insisted, He stirs up the people all over Judæa by his teaching. He started in Galilee and has come all the way here.

26. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Pilate’s verdict I find no basis for a charge let alone guilt is repeated in vv.14–16 and v.22. • Jesus was never found guilty of any crime.

27. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Pilate’s verdict I find no basis for a charge let alone guilt is repeated in vv.14–16 and v.22. • Jesus was never found guilty of any crime. • But they, the chief priests and crowds, continue to insist that Jesus is guilty of fermenting revolution all over Judæa.

28. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:6–16 - Jesus before Herod Antipas

29. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:6–16 - Jesus before Herod Antipas • Indeed Herod and Pontius Pilate met together with the Gentiles and the people of Israel in this city to conspire against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed. They did what your power and will had decided beforehand should happen (Acts 4:27-28).

30. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • By sending Jesus to Herod, Pilate was unknowingly fulfilling scripture: • The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the Lord and against his Anointed One (Acts 4:26). • Taken from Psalm 2:2.

31. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 6 On hearing this, Pilate asked if the man was a Galilæan. 7 When he learned that Jesus was under Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem at that time.

32. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 8 When Herod saw Jesus, he was greatly pleased, because for a long time he had been wanting to see him. From what he had heard about him, he hoped to see him perform some miracle.

33. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Herod was greatly pleased: • At that time some Pharisees came to Jesus and said to him, Leave this place and go somewhere else. Herod wants to kill you. • (Luke 13:31).

34. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Perform some miracle: • This is a wicked generation. It asks for a miraculous sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah (Luke 11:29b).

35. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 9 He plied him with many questions, but Jesus gave him no answer.

36. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 9 He plied him with many questions, but Jesus gave him no answer. • Jesus gave him no answer: • He was oppressed and afflicted, yet he did not open his mouth; he was led like a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is silent, so he did not open his mouth (Isaiah 53:7).

37. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 10 The chief priests and the teachers of the law were standing there, vehemently accusing him. • 11 Then Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked him. Dressing him in an elegant robe, they sent him back to Pilate.

38. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • In an elegant robe: • They put a purple robe on him, then twisted together a crown of thorns and set it on him. And they began to call out to him, Hail, king of the Jews! Again and again they struck him on the head with a staff and spat on him. Falling on their knees, they paid homage to him. And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple robe and put his own clothes on him. Then they led him out to crucify him (Mark 15:17-20).

39. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 12 That day Herod and Pilate became friends — before this they had been enemies. • 13 Pilate called together the chief priests, the rulers and the people, 14 and said to them, You brought me this man as one who was inciting the people to rebellion. I have examined him in your presence and have found no basis for your charges against him.

40. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Examined implies a legal examination, such as you would expect in a formal trial.

41. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Examined implies a legal examination, such as you would expect in a formal trial. • Found no basis for your charges. For the second time Pilate acknowledges Jesus’ innocence. Normally, he would have been immediately exonerated and freed from custody.

42. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 15Neither has Herod, for he sent him back to us; as you can see, he has done nothing to deserve death.

43. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 15Neither has Herod, for he sent him back to us; as you can see, he has done nothing to deserve death. • 16 Therefore, I will punish him and then release him.

44. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • {{Verse 17 does not appear in early manuscripts and is omitted from the NIV translation. It is included here for completeness but will not be commented upon}} • {{17 Now he was obligated to release someone for them at the festival (ISV)}}

45. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:18–25 - • Pilate delivers Jesus to be crucified

46. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Luke 23:18–25 - • Pilate delivers Jesus to be crucified • Pilate continues to seek Jesus’ release by a custom of releasing at the Passover a prisoner chosen by the people. When the people chose Barabbas instead of Jesus, Pilate delivered him to them to be crucified.

47. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 18With one voice they cried out, Away with this man! Release Barabbas to us!

48. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • 18With one voice they cried out, Away with this man! Release Barabbas to us! • With one voice they cried out: • ‘They’ refers to the chief priests, the rulers and the crowd of ordinary people, who have been stirred up by them.

49. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Away with this man! Release Barabbas assumes that the readers know of the custom of releasing a prisoner at the Passover.

50. The Suffering and Death of Jesus • Away with this man! Release Barabbas assumes that the readers know of the custom of releasing a prisoner at the Passover. • Now it was the governor’s custom at the Feast to release a prisoner chosen by the crowd (Matthew 27:15).