1 / 25

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES. LECTURE OBJECTIVES. Describe the historical development of the National Emergency Medical Services system Describe the organizational structure of the State EMS System

amandacole
Download Presentation

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES

  2. LECTURE OBJECTIVES • Describe the historical development of the National Emergency Medical Services system • Describe the organizational structure of the State EMS System • Review the types of emergencies that prehospital personnel typically respond to within the school setting • Discuss the ways that the school nurse and local EMS can work together to better meet the emergency care needs of students

  3. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES • Network of services coordinated to provide aid and medical assistance from primary response to definitive care • Personnel trained in rescue, stabilization, transportation, and advanced treatment of traumatic or medical emergencies. • Linked by a communication system that operates on both a local and a regional level • Tiered system of care, typically initiated by citizen action in the form of a telephone call to an emergency number

  4. HISTORY OF EMS • Early 1800s: Napoleonic Wars • Baron Dominique Jean Larrey – First modern military surgeon who introduced army ambulance corps • French army used horse-drawn “ambulances” to remove injured soldiers from the battlefield • Baron Dominque Jean Larrey

  5. History of EMS • 1860s: U.S. Civil War • Use of field ambulances and medics to treat trauma in the field • Surgeon General Hammond • Organized field care and transport of injured • One ambulance for every 150 soldiers • Two medical supply wagons for each regimental corps

  6. History of EMS • 1870: First air medical transport of patients • Franco-Prussian War • Wounded French soldiers evacuated from the battlefront and transported by hot air balloons

  7. History of EMS • 1865: First known hospital based ambulance – Commercial Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio • 1899: First motorized ambulance purchased by local businessmen for Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago • 1900: Interns dispatched with ambulances to provide care en route • 1940s: Funeral-home hearses and commercial vehicles deployed as ambulances Early motorized ambulance Funeral home-owned hearse ambulance

  8. EMS Evolution in Wartime • World War I(1914-1918) • Evacuation time: 12-18 hours • Mortality rate: >20% • World War II(1939-1945) • Evacuation time: 4-6 hours • Mortality rate: 3.3% World War I Ambulance

  9. History of EMS • Early 1950s: Helicopter evacuation of wounded begins during Korean War

  10. EMS Evolution in Wartime • Korean War (1950-1953) • Evacuation time: 2-4 hours • Mortality rate: 2.4% • Vietnam War (1959-1975) • Evacuation time: 35 minutes • Mortality rate: 1.8% Vietnam War-era Medevac helicopter

  11. Early emergency care issues • 1950s and 1960s • “Scoop and run” approach • Lack of uniformity • None/inadequate federal, state, local laws and/or standards • Personnel – little/no emergency care training • Emergency room physicians – largely part-time/ moonlighting who didn’t necessarily have experience in emergency/trauma care • Ambulances/equip/supplies – no standards/little consistency • Lack of radio communication with hospitals • 1960: President John F. Kennedy • Declared “Traffic accidents constitute one of the greatest, perhaps the greatest, of the nation’s public health problems.” • 1965: Unsafe at Any Speed, by Ralph Nader

  12. 1966

  13. 1966 National Academy of Sciences published a ground breaking paper • Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society • http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=POD716 • Referenced 1965 injury data. Cited accidents as • Leading cause of death between ages 1 - 37 • Fourth leading cause of death for all ages

  14. 1965 Data • Accidents were responsible for: • 52 million injuries • 107,000 deaths • 49, 000 deaths due to motor vehicle crashes (MVC) • 10 million temporarily disabled • 400,000 permanently impaired • Cost $18 billion • Accidents – became the impetus for federal EMS support

  15. National Highway Safety Act of 1966 Federal response to the National Academy of Sciences report • States required to develop • Highway Safety Plan • EMS Plan (as related to motor vehicle incidents) • Development of uniform standards • Ambulances • Communication • Personnel training

  16. Federal Milestones • 1966- 1973 – Federal funding provided by the Department of Transportation for EMS development • 1972 – Federal Communications Commission recommends 911 • 1988 – National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) implements EMS Technical Assistance program • 1990 – Trauma Systems Planning and Development Act (HHS) • 1996 – EMS Agenda for the Future (NHTSA/HRSA) • 2000 – EMS Education Agenda for the Future: A Systems Approach (NHTSA/HRSA) • 2004 – Enhance 9-1-1 Act (DOT/DOC) • 2006 - Federal Interagency Committee on Emergency Medical Services (FICEMS) established • 2006 – Institute of Medicine The Future of Emergency CareReport (http://www.iom.edu/Activities/Quality/emergencycare.aspx) • 2008 – EMS Model Plan (Nat’l Assn of State EMS Officials)

  17. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES IN Connecticut

  18. CONNECTICUT REGIONS

  19. Region 1     Southwestern CT EMS Council • Gwen Summ, Regional Coordinator  •  Walter Dadik, Council President •     (860) 509-7528        • Region 2    South Central CT EMS Council • Tom Lenart, Regional Coordinator   •  Judith Reynolds, Council President    •    (860) 509-7721 •  Region 3    North Central CT EMS Council • David Bailey, Regional Coordinator  • Thomas Murphy, Council President       \ •   (860) 509-7981      •    Region 4    Eastern CT EMS Council • Jonathan Lillpopp, Regional Coordinator   • Greg Allard, Council President • (860) 509-7813 • Region 5   Northwest CT EMS Council • Jean Speck, Regional Coordinator      • Skip Gelati, Council President       •     (860) 509-7829 Department of Public Health   410 Capitol Avenue, MS#12EMS  P.O. Box 340308    Hartford, CT  06134-0308

  20. Provider Levels • EMR • EMT • AEMT • Paramedic

  21. Division of EMSSchool Nurse Preparedness Find the answers you need NOW! • Do you know the level of care of your local EMS agency, ie EMT’s or Paramedics? • Who would be your contact person at your EMS agency? • Do you have an established relationship with EMS? • What will their response time be? • Do they know which entranceway to enter? • Do you know what hospitals they transport to?

  22. Division of EMSSchool Nurse Preparedness Find the answers you need NOW! • Is the EMS agency aware of your students that have chronic medical conditions or special health care needs that may require emergency care intervention? • Does the EMS agency carry age appropriate equipment? • Is there equipment exchange with EMS? • Does your local EMS agency provide public education programs or injury prevention presentations? • Do you collaborate with your local EMS on preparedness planning or injury prevention initiatives? • Have you worked with your local EMS, local health department and hospital on terrorism/disaster planning?

  23. Division of EMSSchool Nurse Preparedness Find the answers you need NOW! • Do you have appropriate equipment/supplies for an emergency? • Are these items in an easily accessible area when they need to be obtained quickly? Do you have a portable emergency kit? • Where is your AED located? • Are routine quality checks of the AED conducted? • Who are your staff who are trained in CPR, AED use and First Aid?

  24. SUMMARY • Work to ensure that a school emergency plan is developed and in place • Develop the plan with local EMS involvement • Establish a relationship with your local EMS to facilitate the emergency preparedness process

  25. QUESTIONS?

More Related