Conservation and preservation

2. Conservation and preservation You need to be able to:- • Distinguish between conservation and preservation. • Explain that conservation is a dynamic process involving management and reclamation. • Discuss the economical, social and ethical reasons for conservation of biological resources. • Use the Galapagos islands as an example of conservation in action

3. Conservation and preservation You need to be able to:- • Distinguish between conservation and preservation. • Explain that conservation is a dynamic process involving management and reclamation. • Discuss the economical, social and ethical reasons for conservation of biological resources. • Use the Galapagos islands as an example of conservation in action

4. Conservation or preservation? • Preservation is the protection of an area by restricting or banning human exploitation or contact – nature reserves/preserves/parks. • Conservation is maintaining biodiversity but allowing sustainable production e.g. replanting mixed tree species after felling for timber. • Management (grazing or water level control) and reclamation (preventing succession by draining) are part of conservation. • Conservation is for economic (e.g. timber industry), social (recreation) and ethical (preventing species extinction) reasons. • http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/sustainability/Older/Conservation_and_Preservation.html

5. Where are they?

6. The Galapagos Islands, near Ecuador, south America

7. Charles Darwin He visited the Galapagos islands in 1835 and later wrote about the origin of species by natural selection

9. Allopatric and sympatric speciation of finches by natural selection into many different niches

10. Land iguana and Giant tortoise – 2 species endemic to the Galapagos islands

11. Wildlife on the Galapagos islands

12. Marine life near the Galapagos Islands

13. Why are the wild animals of The Galapagos Islands so unafraid of humans?

14. Threats to biodiversity on the Galapagos Islands • Introduced species e.g. rats, cats, dogs, pigs, goats leading to competition for food, water and shelter plus habitat destruction • Increase in human population leading to habitat destruction – coming for work or as tourists • Over-exploitation of resources e.g. whales, seals, tortoises, sea cucumbers Result:- 25% of plant and 50% of vertebrate species endemic to the islands are now endangered

15. Conservation in the Galapagos Islands • 1978 become world heritage site • 1998 Galapagos marine reserve created • Elimination of introduced species e.g. feral goats and pigs and prevent others arriving • Captive breeding e.g. for giant tortoises • All decisions include the concerns of local people and balance environmental, economic and social factors • http://www.galapagos.org/2008 • http://www.gct.org/

16. Conservation in the Galapagos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NR3Z4p5hspI&feature=PlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=0Lonesome George • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoA0tobC6C0&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=1Tourists vs Conservation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKZFW4451T8&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=4 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiW96Uci624&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=2Captive breedingprogramme • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQ3q79rD_9U&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=3Alien invasion • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcQmz3hPOn4&feature=SeriesPlayList&p=670A119F7FA997FB&index=5Next generation

17. Conservation in the UK • Joint Nature Conservation Committee. JNCC. Adviser to the United Kingdom Government on nature conservation issues at a Great Britainhttp://www.naturenet.net/index.php • Marine conservation • http://www.mcsuk.org/ • Butterfly conservation • http://www.butterfly-conservation.org/ • Bat conservation • http://www.bats.org.uk/ • Conservation of plants and their seeds • http://www.kew.org/conservation/ • www.countrysideinfo.co.uk

18. Reviewing your understanding succession conservation

19. Ecosystems and sustainabilityAims of lesson 3 • Revise key concepts about succession and apply them to new situations • Revise definitions of conservation and preservation and use them in some new examples • Assessment objective 1 – knowledge and understanding • Assessment objective 2 – application of knowledge and understanding • Assessment objective 3 – how science works

20. Ecosystems and sustainabilityAims of lesson 3 • Revise key concepts about succession and apply them to new situations • Revise definitions of conservation and preservation and use them in some new examples • Assessment objective 1 – knowledge and understanding • Assessment objective 2 – application of knowledge and understanding • Assessment objective 3 – how science works

21. Reviewof key ideas • Succession e.g. Surtsey, glacial moraines, sand dunes, • Conservation • Preservation e.g. Galapagos islands

22. For either sand dunes or timber production • Identify at least 3 problems for conserving biodiversity • Suggest solutions • Create a summary so you can feed back to another group

23. Timer • http://www.vickiblackwell.com/timer.html

24. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5checking your understanding one - name of the last stage in a succession two - abiotic factors three - facts about pioneer species four - threats caused by humans on the Galapagos islands five - ways of conserving a species, ecosystem or habitat And to be handed in on Monday :- answers to the 3 exam questions and the completed page on conservation in the booklet