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Basic Critical Thinking Skills

Basic Critical Thinking Skills. Essentials of Clear Thinking: Claims and Issues. Notes on Claims. A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. . Notes on Claims.

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Basic Critical Thinking Skills

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  1. Basic Critical Thinking Skills Essentials of Clear Thinking: Claims and Issues

  2. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time.

  3. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. Claim: Al Gore received a majority of the popular vote in the 2000 election. Claim: Unprotected sex will kill you. Claim: God loves us. Not a claim: Got milk?

  4. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. • Claims about matters of opinion are either truthful or not.

  5. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. • Claims about matters of opinion are either truthful or not. That color looks really good on you. One should always tell the truth.

  6. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. • Claims about matters of opinion are either truthful or not. • Accepting a claim means taking it as true.

  7. Notes on Claims • A claim is a statement that is either true or false, though this cannot always be determined at any particular time. • Claims about matters of opinion are either truthful or not. • Accepting a claim means taking it as true. • Rejecting a claim and suspending judgment both evaluate logically to FALSE.

  8. About claims and issues... • Issues arise when a claim is in question.

  9. About claims and issues... • Issues arise when a claim is in question. I wonder if I should register to vote. The question is whether enforcement of the noise ordinance is fair.

  10. About claims and issues... • Issues arise when a claim is in question. • Two kinds of questions: (1) What is the position being taken?

  11. About claims and issues... • Issues arise when a claim is in question. • Two kinds of questions: (1) What is the position being taken? (2) Is that position correct?

  12. About claims and issues... • Issues arise when a claim is in question. • Two kinds of questions: (1) What is the position being taken? (2) Is that position correct? • The second question, in other words, is whether a claim should be accepted or rejected, or whether the most responsible position would be to suspend judgment.

  13. About claims and issues... • Key concept: Arguments present reasons to decide an issue one way or another. • Arguments only make sense if the meanings of claims are clear. • Even after an argument has been presented, one can still suspend judgment about the acceptability (truth) of its conclusion.

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