Europeans Compete in North America

1. Europeans Compete in North America

2. Conflicts in Europe • Religious Conflicts • Protestant Church • Economic Conflicts • Mercantilism: colonies existed to make the home county wealthy and powerful • Spanish Armada • King Philip assembled fleet of 130 warships to force Queen Elizabeth from the throne

3. Voyages • John Cabot • set out for Asia, never made it, landed in North America • Voyages focused on finding northwest passage: a sea route from the Atlantic to the Pacific that passed through or around North America • Giovanni da Verrazano • Searched for the passage for France • Discovered mouth of the Hudson River and New York Bay

4. Voyages • Jacques Cartier • made three trips for France • Discovered St. Lawrence River and explored it • Henry Hudson • 4 voyages • Reached New York and explored up the river

5. New France • Samuel de Champlain • 11 voyages to explore and map lands along St. Lawrence River • Established Quebec • In the New France colony it was peaceful • Traded with Native Americans rather than force labor • Established an alliance: an agreement between parties that benefits them both • Fish and furs • Trading post

6. New France • Jacques Marquette • Founded two missions along the Great Lakes • Canoed down the Mississippi River looking for passage • Stopped when decided it didn’t go to the ocean • La Salle later explored it, saw it went to Gulf of Mexico and claimed Mississippi Valley for France • Named Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV

7. New Netherland • 1610 Dutch traders arrived in Hudson River Valley and traded with Native Americans • Dutch West India Company • Established permanent colony • Patroon landownership • Settlers arrived and settled in Fort Orange (Albany) • Another group settled at the mouth of the Hudson River • Peter Minuit purchased the island from Native Americans • “New Amsterdam”

8. New Netherland Kept English from moving westward English forces seized in 1664 New territory was renamed New York