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The Effects of Fruit Juices and Ampicillin on Escherichia coli

The Effects of Fruit Juices and Ampicillin on Escherichia coli. Kelly Mannion~ Academy of Notre Dame. Question. If taking water with ampicillin is replaced by fruit juice will it interfere with the medicine’s effectiveness against E . coli ?. Background and Rational .

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The Effects of Fruit Juices and Ampicillin on Escherichia coli

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  1. The Effects of Fruit Juices and Ampicillin on Escherichia coli Kelly Mannion~ Academy of Notre Dame

  2. Question • If taking water with ampicillin is replaced by fruit juice will it interfere with the medicine’s effectiveness against E. coli?

  3. Background and Rational • Juices are rich in antioxidants • Escherichia coli (E. coli)- gram-negative bacteria that lives in people’s intestines that can cause infections • Ampicillin- a form of penicillin that fights or prevents the growth of the bacteria in a person’s body • Acidic fruit juices can harm antibiotics

  4. Rationale • This investigation was designed to test and find out the effects of ampicillin on E. coli when combined with fruit juice as compared to water.

  5. Hypothesis • If juice is added to ampicillin, then the citric juices will hinder the effectiveness of the ampicillin against E. coli

  6. Procedure • Dip 3 sterile disks in orange juice, 3 sterile disks in pomegranate juice, 3 sterile disks in cranberry juice, 3 sterile disks in grapefruit juice • Dip 3 sterile disks in sterile, distilled water and 3 in ampicillin and allow all to dry. • Mix 5 solutions consisting of 1mL of ampicillin and 5mL of each juice and sterile water. • Allow 3 sterile disks to absorb in each solution and dry in separate petri dishes. • Pipette 1ml of E. coli on a petri dish containingnutrient agar and place a sterile disk for each juice on it. • Do the same for another petri dish and place 4 sterile disks on it (ampicillin, ampicillin and orange juice, ampicillin and cranberry juice, ampicillin and grapefruit juice).

  7. Procedure (continued) • Pipette 1ml of E. coli on another petri dish and place 3 sterile disks on it (water, ampicillin and pomegranate juice, ampicillin and sterile distilled water). • Seal and label the petri dishes accordingly and place in an incubator. • Repeat steps 6-7 for 2 additional trials. • Allow the petri dishes to stay in the incubator for 48 hours then remove and observe. • Record the zone of inhibitions from one side to the other for each sterile disk (mm) and make observations.

  8. Variables • Independent: • Fruit juice used (Cranberry, Pomegranate, Grapefruit, Orange) • Dependent: • Zone of inhibition • Control: • Sterile water, ampicillin

  9. Data

  10. Data

  11. Data

  12. Data

  13. Conclusion • Fruit juices and sterile water do affect both the growth of E. coli and the ampicillin • No statistical difference between the groups of data collected • No fruit juice can be determined as the most effective or harmful in aiding the ampicillin

  14. Limitations • One petri dish had to be discounted-inconsistency in the data for each of the pomegranate, grapefruit, and sterile water mixtures with ampicillin • Possibility that the petri dishes were not coated evenly • Various incubation times

  15. References • Cape Cod Cranberry Growers’ Association. (2011). History of Cranberries [The history of cranberry juice]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Cape Cod Cranberry Growers’ Association website: http://www.cranberries.org/‌cranberries/‌history.html • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011, July 8). Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) [Frequently asked questions on E. coli]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/‌nczved/‌divisions/‌dfbmd/‌diseases/‌ecoli_o157h7/ • Cerner Multum, Inc. (2010, December 15). Ampicillin [Ampicillin medical facts]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Drugs.com website: http://www.drugs.com/‌mtm/‌ampicillin.html • Corleone, J. (2011, August 20). Interactions of cranberry juice & amoxicillin [Interactions of cranberry juice & amoxicillin]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Livestrong website: http://www.livestrong.com/‌article/‌522171-interactions-of-cranberry-juice-amoxicillin/ • Cranberry Juice [Effects on E. coli /‌urinary infections]. (2007). Retrieved October 8, 2011, from www.CranberryJuice.eu website: http://www.cranberryjuice.eu/ • Dalbey, M. (2001, December 26). E. coli hazard [The use of E. coli in laboratories and corresponding strains]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Biosafety website: http://bio.research.ucsc.edu/‌Safety/‌colihaz.html • Dellis, S., Dr. (2009). Topic I: Handling microorganisms. In Safety procedures in the molecular biology lab (pp. 1-2) [Brochure]. Retrieved from http://delliss.people.cofc.edu/‌virtuallabbook/‌LabReadings/‌SafetyHandout.pdf • Dixon, A. (2010, September 25). The history of pomegranate juice & its nutritional value [History of pomegranate juice]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Livestrong website: http://www.livestrong.com/‌article/‌258877-the-history-of-pomegranate-juice-its-nutritional-value/ • Dorsey, M. (2006, September 10). Compounds in cranberry juice show promise as alternatives to antibiotics [The ability of cranberries to transform E. coli bacteria]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Natural News website: http://www.naturalnews.com/‌020947_bacteria_juice_cranberry.html • Kiani, J., & Imam, S. Z. (2007, October 30). Medicinal importance of grapefruit juice and its interaction with various drugs. Nutrition Journal. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/‌pmc/‌articles/‌PMC2147024/‌?tool=pmcentrez • Macrae, F. (2008, August 19). Drinking fruit juice ‘may stop medication working’ [Fruit juice hurting the effects of antibiotics]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Mail Online website: http://www.ehow.com/‌info_7867586_foods-avoid-antibiotics.html • Mayo Clinic Staff. (2010, November 6). Grapefruit juice: Beware of dangerous medication interactons [Grapefruit interactions with medication]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Mayo Clinic website: http://www.mayoclinic.com/‌health/‌food-and-nutrition/‌AN00413 • OceanSpray. (2011). Grapefruit history [History of grapefruit]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from OceanSpray website: http://www.oceanspray.com/‌Who-We-Are/‌Heritage/‌Grapefruit-History.aspx • Skipor, A., Ph.D. (2011, October). E. coli safety [Safety precautions while working with E. coli]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Newton website: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/‌askasci/‌mole00/‌mole00691.htm • Stevens, E. (2010). History of orange juice [The history of orange juice]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from The Best of Raw Foods website: http://www.thebestofrawfood.com/‌history-of-orange-juice.html • Thomson Reuters Micromedex. (2011). Ampicillin Sodium [Consumer information of Ampicillin sodium]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Drugs.com website: http://www.drugs.com/‌cons/‌ampicillin-sodium.html • TOKU-E. (n.d.). Ampicillin - MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET [Safety information of Ampicillin]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Toku- E website: http://www.toku-e.com/‌Upload/‌products/‌msds/‌20110316001358.pdf • United Press International. (2008, February 29). Pomegranate juice the king of antioxidants [Antioxidants in pomegranates]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from United Press International website: http://www.upi.com/‌Health_News/‌2008/‌02/‌29/‌Pomegranate-juice-the-king-of-antioxidants/‌UPI-12261204324911/ • Virgo Publishing. (2007, May 29). Study reveals pomegranate juice effective in fighting bacteria [Effectiveness of pomegranate juice in killing bacteia]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Infection Control Today website: http://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/‌news/‌2007/‌05/‌study-reveals-pomegranate-juice-effective-in-figh.aspx • Wasenaar, T., Dr. (2011, October). Ampicillin and bacteria [How ampicillin destroys E. coli]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from Newton website: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/‌askasci/‌bio99/‌bio99595.htm • Wassenaar, T. M., Dr. (2009, January 6). Antibiotics [Overview of antibiotics]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from The Virtual Museum of Bacteria website: http://www.bacteriamuseum.org/‌cms/‌How-We-Fight-Bacteria/‌antibiotics.html • Zmuida, C. (2011, January 11). Foods to avoid while on antibiotics [Types of food to avoid while taking antibiotics]. Retrieved October 18, 2011, from e-How Health website: http://www.ehow.com/‌info_7867586_foods-avoid-antibiotics.htm

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