This is the brochure of the tour through the HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.

1. Welcome to Mr.K travel agency This is the brochure of the tour through the HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. It lists the organs you will see during the trip and what you should attention, have a wonderful travel 

2. Mouth • Mouth: the entrance of this travel is the mouth. In here you can meet tongue and teeth, who can help to hold food and break down them to small peace. In our journal, you can also experience this process of physical digestion, don’t worry, it’s safe  • Salivary gland: it produce saliva, and the saliva can help to carry us to pharynx, saliva also has enzyme that start chemical digestion with carbohydrates Next station: pharynx

3. Pharynx • Pharynx: teeth will push us to the pharynx, pharynx is the place where swallowing occurs. • In the pharynx, there’s a falp of tissue called epiglottis. The function of it is to close off the opening of trachea when we swallowing the food, so that we’ll not enter the air passage and continue our trip of digestion. • Then, we will go through esophagus, it is the way me must pass by to the stomach. However, the process to the stomach is funny, it is called peristalsis. Next station: the abdominal cavity

4. The abdominal cavity • There’s lots of travel resorts in the abdominal cavity , the first one is stomach. • Stomach: we will be stored and churned in the stomach, and then we will change our shape to liquid called acid chyme. We can meet our friend, protein at here, you can take photo with him(Fee: 50RMB/per person). • Cardiac sphincter: this band of muscle can close off the top off the stomach so that stomach acid and us will not enter the esophagus.

5. Pyloric sphincter: this band of muscle can close off the bottom of the stomach. From here, we will go to small intestine and won’t back to the stomach. • Duodenum: now we are going to the small intestine. Duodenum is the first 10 inches of the small intestine. As we all know, the small intestine is very long, duodenum is just a part of it. In the duodenum, we will meet the enzyme from pancreas which can help chemical digestion of fats , proteins and carbohydrates. And bile will also enter the duodenum from the gall bladder.

6. Liver: we won’t go into the liver, but we can still watch the view of it. Liver produce bile and store it in the gall bladder. Liver is an essential organ in human’s body, it destroy old red blood cells, store glucose and glycogen, also produce yrea and so on. • Gall bladder: gall bladder is also an important organ, it store bile and bile can break down the fats. However, we don’t have the tickets to enter the gall bladder as well, sorry.

7. Pancreas: pancreas can produce digestives enzymes and sodium bicarbonate, it helps to neutralize the acid chyme. • Well, let’s continue pass through the small intestine. The final digestion take place in here. And look around, you can see the smallvilliaround you. Those small villi can absorb the nutrients. And each villi has its own microvilli. As a result, you need a Now, we almost finish our journey in the small intestine and going to large intestine. The junction of small intestine and large intestine is called appendix. However, it doesn’t have clearly function, so we just have a look

8. The first length of the large intestine which connects with the small intestine is called cucum. The main function of the large intestine is to absorb the water from the undigested food. The journey in the large intestine is winding. It divides to 4 parts, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmold colon. • The large intestine also contains lots of Ecoli bacteria which consume any substances that were not digested earlier PS: the large intestine of pig can make as a dish  Next station: pelvic cavity

9. Pelvic cavity • There’s only two parts in this cavity, rectum and anus. • Rectum: enlarged portion of the large intestine, it stores the undigested food temporarily. • Anus: it’s bands of muscle which allow undigested food exit the body. It’s also the end of our trip, and then, we will exit the body as a type of ←feces

10. The enzymes we will meet during the trip • Salivary amylase: it is the enzyme in the saliva. The function of it is to break starch into maltose. • Pancreatic amylase: it has the same function with salivary amylase. • Maltase: coverts maltose to the glucose

11. Proteases: there are two types of protease, pepsin and trypsin. Both of them are used to breaks down proteins to peptides.But the difference of them is that they are produced by different organs. • Pepsin: produced by gastric glands of stomach. • Trypsin: produced by the pancreas. • Peptidases: breaks down peptides into amino acids. Produced by the small intestine. Also, you can take photos with these enzymes and see how they work

12. Bile: bile is a special type, it is NOT an enzyme, but the function of it is similar with those enzymes. It’s used to breaks down fat to fat droplets in the duodenum. • This process is also called Emulsification • Lipase: Breaks down fat droplets into glycerol and 3 fatty acids. It is produced by the pancreas. We need to thank for these enzymes and bile, because of them, we can have a healthy body

13. Something you need attention! • Bring magnifier to see how villi looks like • Bring enough money$ • Don’t fall behind the team! • Be careful with your personal items • Help each other during the trip • If you still have questions about the travel, you can enter our website www. Mrktravelagency.com Have a nice travel! ❤ Carrie chow 11B