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A History of the Internet

A History of the Internet. Or, how Al Gore kind of invented the Internet. Drumroll, please…. 1969 Advanced Research Projects (ARPA) goes online, connecting four major U.S. universities 1972 E-mail is introduced 1982 The word ‘Internet’ is first used

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A History of the Internet

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  1. A History of the Internet Or, how Al Gore kind of invented the Internet

  2. Drumroll, please… • 1969 Advanced Research Projects (ARPA) goes online, connecting four major U.S. universities • 1972 E-mail is introduced • 1982 The word ‘Internet’ is first used • 1984 Domain name system (.com, .org, edu) is established

  3. The Web is born • 1989 Tim Berners-Lee of CERN develops a new technique for sharing information. He calls it the World Wide Web and it’s based on hypertext languages.

  4. First web browser • Mosaic is developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications. The research is paid for with federal dollars from the Gore Bill. Mosaic becomes the dominant navigating system for the World Wide Web.

  5. Remember these guys? • 1994 Marc Andreessen (who built Mosaic) and Jim Clark start Netscape Communications. They introduce Netscape Navigator.

  6. 1995 Compuserve, America Online and Prodigy start providing dial-up Internet access. Craig Newmark founds Craiglist. • 1997 The term weblog is coined and later shortened to blog. • 1998 Google opens its first office: a garage in Menlo Park, Calif.

  7. 1999 Shawn Fanning invents Napster. MySpace.com launches.

  8. 2000 Dot-com ‘bubble’ bursts. AOL buys Time Warner for $16 billion. • 2001 Wikipedia is created. Apple introduces the first iPod.

  9. 2002 First public demo of ‘Second Life.’ • 2003: Internet users illegally download an estimated 2.6 million music files each month. Spam accounts for half of all e-mails sent. Apple opens the iTunes Music Store. Google buys Blogger. Skype is found. Technorati blog search engine and LinkedIn are launched.

  10. Why Facebook scares me… • 2004 Flickr and Firefox are released. Facebook guys launched the site from their Harvard dorm room in January. Reach 1 million users by December. • Facebook today: • More than 150 million active users; half outside college • 3 billion minutes spent on the site each day worldwide • More than 850 million photos uploaded montly • Available in more than 35 languages; 70% of Facebook users are outside the United States • More than 95 percent of Facebook members have used at least one application on the Facebook platform

  11. YouTube.com is launched. Anybody seen the Brandon Hardesty videos?

  12. 2006 Twitter and Newsvine are founded. There are more than 92 million Web sites online. • 2007 Apple iPhone is released. Is this the future of mobile news?

  13. Journalism on the web Or, why nobody knows what the future is going to be

  14. Journalism milestones • 1994 Web sites launch: Salt Lake Tribune; Detroit Free Press; Raleigh News & Observer; Atlanta Journal and Constitution; BBC; New York Times; Newsday; LA Times; ESPN; Dallas Morning News; San Francisco Chronicle/Examiner; San Jose Mercury News

  15. 1995 Launches: St. Petersburg Times; Slate; USA TODAY; Philadelphia Inquirer; Houston Chronicle; Washington Post; Boston Globe; Arizona Republic; ABC, CNN, CBS, FOX, NBC. • 1998 Matt Drudge breaks the Monica Lewinsky scandal on the Drudge Report; Charlotte Observer uses a blog to report Hurricane Bonnie; NYT site is hacked and is shut down, but most restored within nine hours. • 2001 NYT: Five years on the web

  16. 2002 Google News is introduced. • 2004 Bloggers question Dan Rather’s report on President Bush’s National Guard service. Pew Internet & American Life Project reports that people are turning to the Internet for what they can’t find in mainstream news. Podcasts begin appearing on news sites.

  17. 2005 SoundSlides, a multimedia slideshow tool geared at journalists, is developed. Slate calls 2005 ‘the year of the podcast.’

  18. 2006 Reuters opens a virtual news bureau in ‘Second Life.’ Geeks start using the phrase ‘Web 2.0’ to refer to a richer, user-generated online experience. In San Francisco, a video blogger is imprisoned after capturing footage at an anarchist march.

  19. 2007 First images and video of Va. Tech shootings come from user-submitted photos and cell phones. NYT closes down fee-based Times Select service. Gannett creates ‘mojos.’

  20. 2008: The White House launches its first blog in January. • The Tribune, Gannett, Hearst and New York Times companies announce the creation of the quadrantONE online ad network on Feb. 15, 2008. • Twitter helps tell the story of the Chinese earthquake; blogs, Twitter do it again during Mumbai terror attacks.

  21. 2008 con’t: Barack Obama using social media and text messaging to campaign. • Facebook notches 100 million users. • Pulitzers are broadened to include online-only submission. • Google launches Chrome, the company’s first Web browser. • Idea of “cloud computing” is catching on as users begin to use Google Docs, etc.

  22. 2009: Barack Obama inauguration CNN partners with Microsoft to create a Photosynth, an enormous project that combines all user-submitted photos into an interactive photograph. • CNN’s “The Moment” photosynth

  23. Parts of an online news site We all do it the same way, and here’s how

  24. The WaPo’s home page

  25. NYT story page

  26. Personalized pages

  27. Online chats

  28. Story comments • Example page here

  29. Reader community • While on vacation, blogger Whitney Matheson ran a profile of one of her readers each day she was gone. On this day, her post generated 1,450 reader comments.

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