1 / 0

Libya Crisis 2011 &

Libya Crisis 2011 &. Operation Unified Protector. Jean-Dominique Duliere (IS Ops). Oberammergau, 14th – 18th January 2013. Libya Crisis – Operation Unified Protector (OUP). Introduction and Background How the Operation was launched and OUP Facts, Figures and Lessons Identified

alamea
Download Presentation

Libya Crisis 2011 &

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Libya Crisis 2011&

    Operation Unified Protector Jean-Dominique Duliere (IS Ops) Oberammergau, 14th – 18th January 2013

  2. Libya Crisis – Operation Unified Protector (OUP)

    Introduction and Background How the Operation was launched and OUP Facts, Figures and Lessons Identified Conclusion

  3. OPERATION UNIFIED PROTECTOR

    Introduction and Background
  4. Introduction to the crisis ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (OSCE) (56) EURO-ATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP COUNCIL (EAPC) (50) Andorra Holy See PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE (PfP) (22) NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY Liechtenstein Turkmenistan1 Tajikistan1 ORGANISATION (NATO) (28) Monaco Armenia1 Kyrgyzstan1 PARP (18) United States Albania Iceland San Marino Azerbaijan1 Moldova1 Canada Norway Serbia Belarus1 Croatia Turkey Switzerland Kazakhstan1 Uzbekistan1 EUROPEAN UNION (EU) (27) Intensified Dialogue (5) Belgium Greece Luxembourg Slovenia Austria MAP(3) Bulgaria Germany Netherlands Spain Finland Bosnia-Herzegovina Cyprus Czech Rep Hungary Poland Ireland Annual National Programme(4) Denmark Italy Portugal Sweden Montenegro FYROM* Estonia Latvia Romania Ukraine Georgia Slovakia France Lithuania United Kingdom Malta Russia1 Special Relationship(3) Istanbul Cooperation Initiative (ICI) (4) Partners across the world (8) Mediterranean Dialogue (MD) (7) Afghanistan Japan South Korea Algeria Israel Mauritania Tunisia Bahrain Qatar Australia New Zealand Mongolia Egypt Jordan Morocco Kuwait UAE Misratah ARAB LEAGUE GCC Mediterannean Dialogue (MD) (7) AFRICAN UNION Iraq Pakistan
  5. NAC Decision Reminder – CMP in Outline PHASE 1 PHASE 4 PHASE 5 PHASE 6 PHASE 2 PHASE 3

    Libya Crisis 2011

    Response Options Development Assessment Planning Execution Transition Indications & Warning POLITICAL-MILITARY ESTIMATE PROCESS NID Initial Guide NED PMRs 6-Phase NATO Crisis Management Process
  6. UNSCR 1970 AU declines action against Libya Mubarak stands down in Egypt Ben Ali flees Tunisia EU imposes arms embargo EU foreign ministers meeting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 UN Talks OUP - Events and Actions Ghadaffi condemns Tunisia uprising Ghaddafi urges loyalists to fight off rebels Protests reach Tripoli – gunmen fire on protestors Zawiya falls to Rebels Libya Events Protests begin in Benghazi Protesters killed in Benghazi Benghazi falls to Rebels Global Political 28 January February Intelligence Assessment on Libya NATO Actions IMS tasker to SHAPE to continue NAC PHASE 2 Assessment HA PHASE 1 Indications & Warning AE PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning NCRS NFZ PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning

  7. Unrest Background ( December 2010 – August 2011)

    Countries whichhadprotested Otherdemonstrations
  8. UNSCR 1970 AU declines action against Libya Mubarak stands down in Egypt Ben Ali flees Tunisia EU imposes arms embargo EU foreign ministers meeting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 UN Talks OUP - Events and Actions Ghadaffi condemns Tunisia uprising Ghaddafi urges loyalists to fight off rebels Protests reach Tripoli – gunmen fire on protestors Zawiya falls to Rebels Libya Events Protests begin in Benghazi Protesters killed in Benghazi Benghazi falls to Rebels Global Political 28 January February Intelligence Assessment on Libya NATO Actions IMS tasker to SHAPE to continue NAC PHASE 2 Assessment HA PHASE 1 Indications & Warning AE PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning NCRS NFZ PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning
  9. UNSCR 1970 AU declines action against Libya Mubarak stands down in Egypt Ben Ali flees Tunisia EU imposes arms embargo EU foreign ministers meeting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 UN Talks OUP - Events and Actions Ghadaffi condemns Tunisia uprising Ghaddafi urges loyalists to fight off rebels Protests reach Tripoli – gunmen fire on protestors Zawiya falls to Rebels Libya Events Protests begin in Benghazi Protesters killed in Benghazi Benghazi falls to Rebels Global Political 28 January February Intelligence Assessment on Libya NATO Actions IMS tasker to SHAPE to continue NAC PHASE 2 Assessment HA PHASE 1 Indications & Warning AE PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning NCRS NFZ PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning
  10. UNSCR 1970 Passed (26 February 2011) Deplored… violation of human rights Welcomed (regional body) condemnation Refers situation to ICRC Imposes Arms Embargo Imposes Travel Ban Imposes Asset Freeze Initiates New Sanction Committee Calls upon Nations to support Humanitarian Effort

    First International Actions

  11. UNSCR 1970 AU declines action against Libya Mubarak stands down in Egypt Ben Ali flees Tunisia EU imposes arms embargo EU foreign ministers meeting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 UN Talks OUP - Events and Actions Ghadaffi condemns Tunisia uprising Ghaddafi urges loyalists to fight off rebels Protests reach Tripoli – gunmen fire on protestors Zawiya falls to Rebels Libya Events Protests begin in Benghazi Protesters killed in Benghazi Benghazi falls to Rebels Global Political 28 January February Intelligence Assessment on Libya NATO Actions IMS tasker to SHAPE to continue NAC PHASE 2 Assessment HA PHASE 1 Indications & Warning AE PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning NCRS NFZ PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning
  12. The EU’s Sanctions From 21 February to October: Arms embargo Visa ban Assetsfreeze Suspension of cooperationcontracts Reinforcement of Border-controls (OperationHermes) EEAS opened 2 offices in Bengazi and Tripoli
  13. Intensification of the crisis Humanitarian crisis: Presence of IOs and NGOs Source: OCHA
  14. OPERATION UNIFIED PROTECTOR The Beginning
  15. NATO initial guidance Tasker to SHAPE 27 Feb 2011 PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning Improve SA PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 1 Indications & Warning 2 March 2011 Assessment of Libya situation Development of Response Options PHASE 3 Response Options Development PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 3 Response Options Development PHASE 2 Assessment PHASE 3 Response Options Development
  16. The Planning Phase Defence Ministers Authorise Planning (10 March 2011) Approval of NIDs on Libya – HA & Embargo Fast-track on HA, no fast-track on Embargo Movement by SACEUR of maritime Assets NFZ later PHASE 4 Planning PHASE 3 Response Options Development PHASE 4 Planning PHASE 3 Response Options Development NID
  17. 12th March 2011 Meeting in Cairo Calls for UN to impose NFZ Opposes to an occupation force Open channels with Libya opposition

    The Arab League’s Call

  18. UN SCR 1973 (17 March 2011)

    Following International Actions

    Protection of Civilians (all necessary measures) No Fly Zone Arms Embargo (ensure strict implementation) Ban on Libyan Flights Designations – individuals/measures Panel of Experts
  19. HIGH ACTIVITY

    Press Summary of Stances on NFZ – in March

    AGAINST FOR LESS ACTIVITY
  20. Paris Conference (18 March 2011) World leaders gathered in Paris on Saturday to discuss a coordinated military intervention in Libya, where Muammar Gaddafi was defying the West with a final push into the rebel stronghold of Benghazi.

    Political and Strategic Options

    NAC Conclude all planning work (NFZ and Embargo) ASAP Force generation on Embargo to commence without further formality Start force generation on NFZ following approval of CONOPS Hold a NAC+N meeting with regional IOs+nations
  21. OperationalSteps 19 Mar 2011 Coalition Air Strikes Begin The U.S. and European nations pounded Moammar Gadhafi's forces and air defenses with cruise missiles and airstrikes, launching the broadest international military effort since the Iraq war in support of an uprising that had seemed on the verge of defeat. Libyan state TV claimed 48 people had been killed in the attacks, but the report could not be independently verified.
  22. Reports of Qatar involved UNSCR 1973 Coalition Airstrikes begin EU FMs Meet – Broaden sanctions UK, France, US agree that NATO will take command of operations London conference on Libya Paris conference on Libya African Union meeting on Libya Addis-Ababa African Union meeting on Libya (PMs) Nouakchott Arab League meeting on Libya NID Z+ NID Z+ Libya FM Moussa Koussa quits Gaddhafi forces press on Ajdabiya Gaddhafi forces attack Benghazi Gaddhafi advances on Benghazi, Mistrata and Ajdibiya ‘stalled’ US jet ‘down’ Libya Air Force ‘ No longer exists…’ Ajdabiya falls to rebels Libya Events Rebels advance on Sirte, recapture several towns Reports of civilian ‘human shields’

    OUP – Phase 4 to 5

    Global Political 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 March NAC NAC CONOPS OPLAN NAC Force activation with Allies starts on Embargo DRAFT NAC NED Z+ NAC NAC NED NATO Actions CONOPS NED NAC NED NAC SHAPE Force Generation Conf for Embargo + SHAPE Force Sensing for NFZ OPLAN SHAPE Force Generation Conf for NFZ HA PHASE 4 Planning If Requested AE PHASE 5 Execution PHASE 4 Planning NCRS NED PHASE 5 – Execution NED - NFZ NFZ PHASE 4 Planning PHASE 5 - Exectution PHASE 4 - Planning NED NID – NFZ+ NATO RESTRICTED
  23. No Fly Zone + (27 March 2011) NFZ+ Moves to Execution PHASE 5 Execution PHASE 4 Planning NED
  24. International and Strong Support London Conference (29 March 2011) Implementing UNSCRs 1970 and 1973 Preparing for Libya’s future Taking forward support from the International community for the people of Libya
  25. Handover to NATO 27 Mar 28 Mar 29 Mar 30 Mar 31 Mar 1 Apr 2 Apr

    The Start

    NATO-led Operation Coalition-led Ops Execution of OUP Start on 31 March 2011 MandatedunderChap 7 of the UN Charter & Resolutions 1970 and 1973 To protectcivilian population underattack or threat of attack
  26. OUP – Command and Control
  27. NATO UNCLASSIFIED

    Participation in OUP

    Allies & Partners QATAR SWEDEN SACEUR Endorsed Recognized Partners (no sponsorship required) UKRAINE UAE Sponsored "NATO Certified" MOROCCO JORDAN NATO UNCLASSIFIED
  28. The Evolution Foreign ministers from NATO Allies and non-NATO partners agreed to continue OUP NATO defenceministers meet in Brussels and agreed to keep pressure on the Qadhafi regime for as long as it took to end the crisis Tripoli is freed by opposition forces International heads of state and government further reiterated this commitment during a “Friends of Libya” meeting in Paris 14 April 2011 8 June 2011 22 August 2011 1st September 2011
  29. OUP – UN 2009 Unanimously adopted on 16 September 2011 Key points: Establishment of a United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL); Restore public security and promote the rule of law; Undertake inclusive political dialogue, promote national reconciliation; Extend state authority; Promote and protect human rights; Take the immediate steps required to initiate economic recovery; Coordinate support that may be requested from other multilateral and bilateral actors.
  30. The End! NATO extended OUP for up to 90 days NATO Defence ministers decided to end the mission as soon as conditions permit Death of Colonel Gaddafi NATO agreed that OUP was very close to completion NATO ended OUP: “We answered the call!” 21 September 2011 06 October 2011 20 October 2011 21 October 2011 31 October 2011
  31. OPERATION UNIFIED PROTECTOR Facts, Figures and Lessons
  32. Facts: Contribution Source: guardian.co.uk
  33. Figures: targets, sorties, cost Arms embargo: Over 3,000 vessels have been hailed and boarded 11 ships have been denied transit to or from Libyan ports Air Missions: Over 26,000 sorties, including over 9,700 strike sorties. Targeting: Over 5,900 military targets Peak Military Figures: Approximately 8,000 troops Over 260 air assets 21 naval assets Humanitarian Assistance: Over 2,500 air, ground and maritime movements into Libya have been de-conflicted by NATO. Cost: Awacs: 5.4 million EUR/ month Complementarycost: + 800,000 EUR/ month War’s total cost: $4 billion
  34. Lessons Identified April 2012: Release of a strategic-level paper on Lessons from OUP Significant shortfalls : Well trained Targeting Specialists Precision Guided Munitions (PGMs) and Supplies Air-to-Air Refueling Technical Assistance Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance Platforms Commitment to NATO’s Smart Defence Initiative
  35. OPERATION UNIFIED PROTECTOR Conclusion: “We answered the call”

  36. Operation Unified Protector

    Questions Contact Details Jean-Dominique Duliere02 707 4627jd.duliere@hq.nato.int Marie Garcia02 707 5116garcia.marie@hq.nato.int
  37. NCMP Unified Protector 2011 PHASE 1 PHASE 4 PHASE 5 PHASE 6 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 Planning Transition Execution Response Options Assessment Indications & Warning POLITICAL-MILITARY ESTIMATE PROCESS 31 Oct 11 NID NED IMS 28 Feb 11 NAC 04 Mar 11 Initial guide MC + NAC 04 Mar 11 07 Mar 11 08 Mar 11 09 Mar 11 10 Mar 11 Humanitarian Assistance OPLAN 15 Mar Execution on Request NID 10 Mar UNSCR 1970 26 Feb 11 NED 22 Mar Arms embargo OPLAN 20 Mar NID 10 Mar No Fly Zone Arab League Request 12 Mar 11 NID 16 Mar NED 24 Mar OPLAN 22 Mar UNSCR 1973 17 Mar 11 NID 24 Mar OPLAN 27 Mar NED 27 Mar No Fly Zone + TOA 31 Mar Coalition Operation ODYSSEY DAWN 19 Mar 11
More Related