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Urbanized MM5 meso-met modeling for the Houston Texas ozone SIP

Urbanized MM5 meso-met modeling for the Houston Texas ozone SIP. Prof. Bob Bornstein Dept. of Meteorology San Jose State University San Jose, CA USA pblmodel@hhotmail.com presented at Imperial College 16 March 2005. OVERVIEW. MESO-MET URBANIZATION FORMULATION REQUIRED INPUTS RESULTS

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Urbanized MM5 meso-met modeling for the Houston Texas ozone SIP

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  1. Urbanized MM5 meso-met modeling for the Houston Texas ozone SIP Prof. Bob Bornstein Dept. of Meteorology San Jose State University San Jose, CA USA pblmodel@hhotmail.com presented at Imperial College 16 March 2005

  2. OVERVIEW • MESO-MET URBANIZATION • FORMULATION • REQUIRED INPUTS • RESULTS • HOUSTON CASE STUDY • DOMAINS • GIS INPUTS • RESULTS

  3. Within Gayno-Seaman PBL/TKE scheme From EPA uMM5: Mason + Martilli: by Dupont

  4. _________ __________ 3 new terms in each prog equation  Advanced urbanization scheme from Masson (2000)

  5. New GIS/RS inputs for uMM5 as f (x, y, z) • land use (38 categories) • roughness elements • anthropogenic heat as f (t) • vegetation and building heights • paved-surface fractions • drag-force coef for buildings & vegetation • building H/W, wall-plan, & impervious-area ratios • building frontal, plan, & and rooftop area- densities • wall and roof: ε, cρ, α, etc. • vegetation: canopies, root zones, stomatal resistances

  6. Martilli/EPFL results Urbanization  day/nite same-line  not f (Ri) Non-urban: urban

  7. Current SJSU uMM5 Configuration • Modified EPA uMM5-96 • 5 nested-domains • Inner urbanized-domain: 134 x 141, 1-km grids • GIS/RS sfc-parameters as f(x,y) • 5-layer soil-model; Gayno-Seaman TKE • Simulation: 8 days • 106 SJSU cluster • 1 CPU  15 to 1 • 96 CPU 0.25 to 1

  8. Domains: 108, 36, 12, 4, 1 km Pts: 43×53×28,55×55×28,100×100×28,136×151×28, 133×141×48

  9. KEY IDEA: IDEAL MESO-MET ATM-MODEL CAPTURES ALL BC FORCINGS • O3 EPISODES OCCUR ON GIVEN DAY: • NOT FROM CHANGES IN: TOPO, Q+, OR SFC MESO-FORCING (EXCEPT FOG) • BUT FROM CHANGES IN UPPER-LEVEL SYN’S, WHICH • ARE FROM EXTERNAL-MODEL & WHICH • ALTER MESO SFC-FORCINGS (i.e., TOPO, LAND/SEA, URBAN) VIA MESO-T AND THUS V • THUS EVALUATE (SEQUENTIALLY): • UPPER LEVEL Syn Wx patterns: p (via HPGF) & then V • TOPOGRAPHY (via grid spacing): channeling of V • MESO SFC: T (via Fr/Diff) & then V

  10. HOUSTON (S. Stetson)

  11. 3-PM Coastal-L Episode day Domains: 1-3 L L L

  12. Domain 3, 4 PM: cold-core L: (from SST-eddy??) L

  13. Domain 4 (3 PM) : L off Houston on O3 day (25th) LL  Episode day L L

  14. Urbanized D-5: near-sfc 3 PM V, 4-days • Max O3day

  15. Base-case (current) veg cover (urban min) Modeled increased veg cover: urban max values: 0.1 of above

  16. Soil moisture increase for: Run 12 (entire area, left) & Run 13 (urban area only, right)

  17. Run 12 (urban-max reforestation) minus Run 10 (base case):4 PM near-sfc ∆T (C) shows: reforested urban-center cools &surrounding deforested rural-areas warm

  18. rur u1 u2 sea HOUSTIN-SIP CMAQ-O3:6 tree-planting scenarios  reduced UHIs (right) in urban-box 1 (left) for Run 17 Max impact

  19. Importance urbanized MM5 + urban tree planting  ↓ daytime max-UHI  ↓ reduced a/c  ↓ precursor emissions & slower atm-chem  ↓ lower CMAQ-ozone  EPA emission-reduction SIP credits

  20. The End

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