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World War II

World War II. Post World War I. European countries devastated after WW I Economically depressed Politically unstable with weak democratic governments Infrastructure destroyed United States holding up Europe with Investments until stock crash of 1929. World in Financial Crisis.

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. Post World War I European countries devastated after WW I • Economically depressed • Politically unstable with weak democratic governments • Infrastructure destroyed United States holding up Europe with Investments until stock crash of 1929

  3. World in Financial Crisis Unemployment World Trade

  4. Rise of Dictators Britain France Maintain democracy through increased taxes, government Sweden programs (ie. FDR’s New Deal) Denmark Finland US Italy - Angry over not acquiring more land post WWI - inflation and unemployment cause unrest amongst middle class - lost faith in democracy - Treaty of Versailles causes anger, resentment in Europe Germany - Germany resents blame for war, loss of colonies, border territories

  5. Why would leaders promoting nationalism be appealing to a struggling population? Nationalism – the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation (the people with whom they share a culture and history). Dictators rise; driven by nationalism and desire for more territory

  6. Faces of Fascism ADOLPH HITLER (Ruled Nazi Germany 1932 – 1945) • Fought WW I • Hitler blames Jews and Bolsheviks for Germans losing WWI and troubles postwar • Writes Mein Kampf(My Struggle) while in jail – Nations needed to struggle to become strong – nations at peace are weak • Arayans were master race, superior http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3C9iUaP51CI (5 min) BENITO MUSSOLINI (Ruled Italy 1922- 1943) • Angry over not acquiring more territory post WWI • Founded fascist party 1919 • Promised to rebuild armed forces and economy of Italy • Support from middle class, industrialist http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sm-yfDpLu1o (5 min)

  7. Traits of Totalitarian Leaders • Government dominates all aspects of an individuals life • Totalitarian leader dynamic, persuasive, absolute authority • Totalitarian leaders use fear, isolation to crush opposition • Military build- up and Secret Police dominant role in everyday life • Appear to provide security and directions for future Does this look familiar? Where have you seen this before?

  8. Symbols of Fascism Swastika Bundle of sticks = strength through unity

  9. Japan Embarks on Aggression • Severe economic depression allows military to takeover government • Military name Emperor Hirohito as symbol of state power • Want to solve economic problems through foreign expansion • Japan drops out of League of Nations

  10. Japan wanting to expand it’s empire takes military control over Manchuria

  11. March of Aggression Continues Mussolini Attacks Ethiopia • In 1935, Mussolini attacks Ethiopia • League of Nations does not stop aggression Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty • In 1935 Hitler begins rebuilding German army • In 1936 Germany occupies Rhineland Civil War in Spain • 1936 Hitler and Mussolini back Fascist General Francisco Franco against Spanish republic • Leads to alliance of Italy and Germany Japan Invades China 1937 – US sends monetary aid to China

  12. What do these two cartoons tell you about • Hitler’s defiance of the Versailles Treaty?

  13. Appeasement and Isolationism • Great Britain, France both dealing with economic depressions at home, practice appeasement to prevent another war - Appeasement - a policy of giving in to aggression • 1938 Munich Conference • Germany, GB, France and Italy meet to discuss Germany wanting No. Czechoslovakia • Give Germany Sudetenland (Northern Czechoslovakia) • US practices isolationism to keep themselves out of another war 1935 Neutrality Acts- US vows not to sell arms or loan money to any country at war • 1939 Germany and Russia sign non-aggression pact

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