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Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Electronics &Communication dpt. 4th year

Linux-based Implementation Of a Router (B.Sc Graduation project). DiffServ. Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Electronics &Communication dpt. 4th year. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Khaled Foad El-Sayed. Submitted by: Ashraf Kamal Rahoma Hazem Mohamed Sobhi Hassanein

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Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Electronics &Communication dpt. 4th year

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  1. Linux-based Implementation Of a Router (B.Sc Graduation project) DiffServ Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Electronics &Communication dpt. 4th year • Supervisor: • Prof. Dr. Khaled Foad El-Sayed. • Submitted by:Ashraf Kamal Rahoma • Hazem Mohamed Sobhi Hassanein • Hossam El-Sayed Abd Allah • Tarek Amr Hamed • Zein El-Abidin Mohamed WALI 1

  2. Introduction to QoS: • Motivation: • QoS Terminology and Parameters: Internet Protocol (IP).was designed to provide best-effort service. • VoIP • FTP QOS: Quality of Service (QoS) implies the ability to differentiate traffic streams and to define a level of performance for those traffic streams across a network. When heavily utilized networks are carrying various types of traffic for different users, QoS is a mean of offering better service 2

  3. Parameters • Latencythe delay a flow experiences when passing through a device • Jitter the latency variations • loss probabilitybandwidth distribution and availability (throughput or goodput) 3

  4. IntServ vs. DiffServ • IntServ overview 4

  5. RSVP Protocol 5

  6. RSVP Protocol 6

  7. RSVP Protocol 7

  8. RSVP Protocol 8

  9. IntServ vs. DiffServ Each has its won points of strength And weakness 9

  10. DiffServ Architecture • DiffServ Architectural Model • Differentiated Services Domain DS Boundary Nodes and Interior Nodes: DS Ingress Node and Egress Node: Differentiated Services Region: Traffic Classification and Conditioning: Classifiers: Traffic Profiles: Traffic Conditioners: 10

  11. Meters: Markers: Shapers: Droppers: Location of Traffic Conditioners and MF Classifiers: Within the Source Domain: At the Boundary of a DS Domain: In non-DS-Capable Domains: In Interior DS Nodes: 11

  12. ToS VS DSCP • Introduction • Type of service byte definition 12

  13. Type of service byte definition 13

  14. 14

  15. Disadvantages of ToS • The IP-precedence scheme allows only specification of relative priority of a packet. it has no provisions to specify different drop precedence for packets of a certain priority. • The 3 bits restrict the number of possible priority classes to 8 • The ToS mechanism is not powerful enough to allow an application to quantify the level of service it desires. 15

  16. Differentiated services field definition 16

  17. Per Hop Behavior PHB A per-hop behavior (PHB) is a description of the externally observable forwarding behavior of a DS node applied to a particular DS behavior aggregate (BA). • Different PHB’s Currently there are 4 standard different per hop behaviors PHB’s: Default PHB Class-Selector PHB. Assured Forwarding (AFny) PHB. Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB. 17

  18. 18

  19. DiffServ Support under Linux • Linux Traffic Control Overview 19

  20. Linux Traffic Controller 20

  21. Implementation and Code • TC Implementation 21

  22. Note: In this drawing only one AF class is shown for the simplicity of the drawing, the other ones are just the same. • DSMARK • CBQ • pFIFO: • Low queuing delay (latency). • Well defined minimum departure rate, i.e. independent of the other traffic at the node. • No burst. (policing). • 4 CBQ: • Four AF classes with different fractions of the bandwidth allocated for each. • In each one we have three dropping precedence’s (RED) • Bandwidth assurance, • RED: • No bandwidth guarantee. • No quality of service: No policing filters, no shaping. 22

  23. Traffic Classes • Variables: • Setting Functions: • Constructor. • Destructor • Set Device • Set Network • Set Rates • Set PHB’s • Set Police • Set ToS 23

  24. Infra-structure Functions: • Filtering Functions: • Make Filter • Get Command 24

  25. Software implementation • Architecture Overview. • Graphical User Interface (GUI). • System programming. 25

  26. Architecture Overview using C++ Classes • To ensure encapsulation & independence • To control the communication & error tracing • To give the ability to change or update any specific parts. 26

  27. Architecture Overview using C++ Classes 27

  28. Detailed view 28

  29. Communication between Classes 29

  30. GUI tabs PHB configuration tab 30

  31. Advanced PHB 31

  32. Filter Setup Tab 32

  33. Summary view Tab 33

  34. TC Experts Tab 34

  35. 4.4 Testing: 35

  36. 4.5 Testing procedure We have performed testing on 3 basic levels: 1. Marking: Testing if packets were marked according to specified classification. 2. ToS: Testing if the classification according to ToS and monitoring packets flow were mapped to the required PHB 3. PHB’s Implementation: Monitoring different rates assigned to each class 36

  37. Than You ! 37

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