SPICOSA TRAINING VIRTUAL WORKSHOP Identification of Training Needs of Coastal Professionals in Europe Monday 14th Januar

1. SPICOSA TRAINING VIRTUAL WORKSHOPIdentification of Training Needs of Coastal Professionals in EuropeMonday 14th January 2008 1-3pm (GMT) TRAIN-SEA-COAST AND OTHER APPROACHES TO ASSESSING NEEDS Stella Maris Vallejo, Consultant, IH Cantabria NOTE: This presentation is based on materials prepared for the forthcoming Indicative Plan of Action (PoA) on Capacity Building for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe. All sources are in the public domain and are easily accesible by Internet. Key references are provided.

2. INTRODUCTION THE PREMISE: MAJOR STEPS IN CAPACITY BUILDING METHODOLOGIES, APPROACHES, AND EXPERIENCES KEY REFERENCES CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION

3. The purpose of this presentation is to familiarize the reader with a few methodologies, approches and experiences in needs analysis and capacity building The reader will be able to compare approaches and extract experiences from different parts of the world, since the concepts of TNA and Capacity Building transcends boundaries and show many commonalities in their application The presentation includes the review of one methodology at the international level; one training course on needs assessment, and one case study of capacity needs assessment in integrated coastal management in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region A suite of easy-access reference materials (all from public sources) are included for further consultation INTRODUCTION

4. TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENTS IN ISOLATION ARE NOT SUFFICIENT AND MAY NOT REFLECT THE REAL CONDITIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES ON SITE A KEY STEP IN CAPACITY BUILDING IS TO PERFORM A CAPACITY ASSESSMENT PLUS A NEEDS ASSESSMENT WHICH WILL PROVIDE A REALISTIC BASIS TO ANY CB INTERVENTION CAPACITY ASSESSMENT (existing capabilities & gaps A REALISTIC CAPACITY BUILDING APPROACH += NEEDS ASSESSMENT (at the individual & institutional levels) PLAN OF ACTION ON CAPACITY BUILDING INTERVENTIONS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS THE PREMISE: MAJOR STEPS IN CAPACITY BUILDING

5. X METHODOLOGIES, APPROACHESAND EXPERIENCES UN Division for Ocean Affairs and the La wof the Sea TRAIN-SEA-COAST Programme National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA Coastal Services Center NEEDS ASSESSMENT TRAINING On-line Learning Module WIOMSA* – Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island A CAPACITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT * WIOMSA Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association

6. The TRAIN-X methodology, used by the TSC Programme and by various other training programmes in the UN system, is based on the systems approach. It consists of three principal activities: 1) Analysis of Training Needs; 2) Development of Training; and 3) Evaluation of Training; with feedback between them. UN Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea THE TRAIN-SEA-COAST PROGRAMME (1993>)

7. x TRAIN-SEA-COAST PROGRAMMEANALYSIS OF TRAINING NEEDS PROBLEM ANALYSIS JOB ANALYSIS POPULATION ANALYSIS Determines if training is the appropriate vehicle to solve a problem, and if so, how to do it . Sample questions: - What exactly is the problem that training is expected to solve? - What causes it? - What could be the training solution? Gather information on how, where and with what information a job is done in order to define the skills, knowledge and attitudes (S/K/A) required for good job performance Standards of job performance are defined which will later enable to evaluate whether the training was effective at the job performance level Determine what the individuals to be trained (the target population) already know, and in turn, which S/K/A requirements is to be developed. Gather information on the trainees' social and cultural background, and their preferred modes of learning to guide the choice of training strategies.

8. In the TRAIN-X methodology, analysis of training needs (TNA) is considered as the foundation of any course development initiative If any mistake is made during the TNA, it will impinge in the other 6 course development phases that follow. Corrections should be made before advancing in the course development process Though the methodology is labor-intensive, the results are proven excellent The TRAIN-X methodology, is used by the Train.Sea-Coast Programme and other UN training programmes in more than 100 countries worldwide. This methodology ensures that the highest pedagogical and technical standards are attained. Train-X international standards are considered a seal of quality and effectiveness in the development, delivery and adaptation of high quality training courses People trained using this methodology vary from e.g. traffic air controllers to coastal managers, to personnel in postal services TRAIN-SEA-COAST PROGRAMMEANALYSIS OF TRAINING NEEDS

9. The purpose of this on-line learning module is to familiarize the user with the terminology, tools, and methods of needs assessments The training modules cover the following objectives: Discuss what a needs assessment is and when and why to conduct one Identify the steps in planning a needs assessment Demonstrate how to characterize an audience Select an appropriate method for data collection Understand how to use questions appropriately Identify considerations for analyzing and managing data List the benefits of conducting a needs assessment NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CENTERNEEDS ASSESSMENT TRAININGON-LINE LEARNING MODULE (UPDATED JULY 2007)

10. Conducting a needs assessment is a twelve-step process encompassing planning, data gathering, and analysis Confirm the Issues and Audience Establish the Planning Team Establish the Goals and Objectives Characterize Your Audience Conduct Information and Literature Search Select Your Data Collection Methods Determine Your Sampling Scheme Design and Pilot the Collection Instrument Gather and Report Data Analyze Data Manage Data Synthesize Data and Create Report KEY FEATURE: THE 12 STEPS IN A NEEDS ASSESSMENT

11. From an instructional design perspective, this is an excellent learning module The subject content is easy to follow and to understand; it has an enormous value both for the begginers as much as for the training specialists It provides an abundant suite of links and references for those who are interested to further learn on TNA or apply this tool within the training component of specific projects NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CENTERNEEDS ASSESSMENT TRAININGON-LINE LEARNING MODULE

12. The purpose of this needs assessment was to: Catalog on-going coastal management capacity-building activities and training Identify gaps in skills, knowledge and attitudes of ICM practitioners Identify potential partner institutions at the national and regional level Present a broad framework for increasing coastal management capacity in the WIO region WIOMSA – COASTAL RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLANDA CAPACITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT JANUARY-SEPTEMBER 2000

13. Review of ICM literature on the ICM capacity-building efforts and initiatives in the WIO At each site, the team conducted interviews with key informants (Individual practitioners and donors) At each site, the team held mini-workshops for prospective course participants At the site visits, interviews and workshops, the core competency matrix was used to measure capacity of the individuals The team used an individual survey to measure individual capacity. Survey respondents rated themselves according to how they perceived their skills in the four core competency areas, namely, project program management, professional skills, ICM practice and technical background Government offices, NGOs and academic institutions were also provided with copies of the survey to distribute to the target audience. In total, over 100 surveys were distributed in the region and 75 surveys returned. One-day workshops were conducted in Kenya,Tanzania and Mozambique. This training reached 40 practitioners in the region. METHODOLOGY

14. Existing Capacity Training backgrounds and years of experince in the field Core competencies Areas to Enhance Priority Training Areas Project and ecosystems evaluation Integration of sectors Communication Community participation Valuation of resources Current Sources for Training of Practititoners Options for Delivering Training in the Region A two-week course held in one host country One-week training in each country One-tear learning by doing, sandwich course(meeting for a week at a time for 4-5 occasions) Non-training Methods for Capacity Building Challenges in Course Implementation FINDINGS OF THE NEEDS ANALYSIS

15. Basic introductory short courses and longer degree courses should be continued Short courses of an advanced and specialized nature Learning by doing courses Strengthening dissemination of capacity-building opportunities TRAINING RECOMMENDED

16. This case study provides: An excellent example of TNA at the regional level The application of a methodology suited to the objectives of the assessment A demonstration of the linkages between TNA and human capacity assessment Good lessons learned and well documented Clear explanations of the process followed, findings, and recommendations WIOMSA – COASTAL RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLANDA CAPACITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT

17. TRAIN-SEA-COAST PROGRAMME Analysis of Training Needs http://www.un.org/Depts/los/TSC_new/TSC_about.pdf NOAA Coastal Services Center Needs Assessment Training - On-line Learning Module http://www.csc.noaa.gov/needs/ WIOMSA – Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island A Capacity Needs Assessment http://wwwcrc.uri.edu/download/WIO_0052.PDF Abundant Documentation and Material on Capacity Building http://www.capacity.undp.org KEY REFERENCES