land informtion system

2. ALL GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS REQUIRE TIME

3. The last decade has seen moves towards establishment of fully digitised cadastralsystems throughout the world. It is recognised that cadastral systems are not ends inthemselves. It is also recognised that digital cadastral systems must be tailored tofacilitate an efficient land market as well as effective land-use administration andthereby, more generally, promote economic development, social cohesion andsustainable development. Cadastral systems must serve a multi-purpose use andthereby meet the challenge of a modern GIS and IT environment.The paper presents a vision for the role of the cadastre in a global land managementperspective. The cadastre is seen as the basic infrastructure for providing economic,social and environmental benefits. This cadastral infrastructure will permeatethrough the land administration and land management systems. The paper willpresent a number of examples to illustrate this multi-purpose use

4. It is recognised that it is difficult if not impossible to conceive a multi-purposecadastre without fully understanding the cultural and judicial system of which it is an integral part and which it serves. The paper therefore also discusses the issue ofestablishing appropriate institutional and organisational infrastructures as a crucialkey for achieving sustainability in any society. In this regard decentralisation is seenas a significant key to sustainable development.

5. THE ROLE OF THE CADASTREThe International Federation of Surveyors (FIG, 1995) defines a cadastre as a parcelbased and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests in land(e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities). It usually includes a geometricdescription of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of theinterests, ownership or control of those interests, and often the value of the parceland its improvements. It may be established for fiscal purposes (valuation andtaxation), legal purposes (conveyancing), to assist in the management of land andland-use planning (planning and administration), and enables sustainabledevelopment and environmental improvement.The cadastral infrastructure includes a unique identification of the land parcelsderiving from the cadastral surveys. The cadastral identification is then seen as thecore component of any land information system. It is argued that within the next tenyears such land information systems will form an integral part of a model of our manmade and natural environment. The model will build on the core cadastral andtopographic data sets which will be complete on a country wide basis and kept up-to-date.

6. A vision for the future role of the cadastre in a global land management perspectiveshould reflect this scenario of IT development. This means that the cadastral systemsmust provide adequate information on the land parcels to be presented in a variety ofinterfaces. The design and maintenance of cadastral systems must reflect this multi- purpose use The systems supported by the cadastral infrastructure are:• Land Tenure System, to secure legal rights in land such as titles, mortgage andeasements• Land Value System, to assess the value of land and properties and to levy landtaxes• Land-Use Control System, to enable comprehensive and detailed land useplanning• Land Development System, to enable regulation and implementation in change ofland use.

9. These systems are interrelated. The actual economic and physical use of land and properties influences the land value. The land value is also influenced by the possible future use of land as determined through zoning and land-use planning regulations. And the land-use planning and policies will, of course, determine and regulate the future land development The design of adequate systems in the area of Land Tenure and Land Value should lead to the establishment of an efficient land market; and the design of adequate systems in the areas of Land-Use Control and Land Development should lead to an effective land-use administration. The combination of an efficient land market and an effective land-use administration should then form the basis for a sustainable approach to economic, social and environmental development

10. Process • Collecting hardcopy maps/sheets from the concerned Land Record Department • Indexing & Coding • Scanning of Village/Cadastral map sheets • Grid base generation or • Map grid generation • Grid correction of Cadastral images • Digitization of individual scanned Village map sheets(grid corrected) • Edge Matching and Mosaicing up to Village Level • Cleanup and topology building • Quality Control/Checks- Rectify errors • Data Translation-GIS environment • Georeferencing of individual villages, mosaicing up to tehsil/district/state level • Quality assurance •