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Alternative Irrigation Management Practices Paddy Rice Research Group July 13, 2016

Alternative Irrigation Management Practices Paddy Rice Research Group July 13, 2016. Jarrod T. Hardke Assoc. Professor / Rice Extension Agronomist. Irrigation Strategies. Continuous Flood Straighthead Drain Intermittent Flood / AWD Furrow Irrigation / Row Rice. Irrigation Strategies.

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Alternative Irrigation Management Practices Paddy Rice Research Group July 13, 2016

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  1. Alternative Irrigation Management PracticesPaddy Rice Research GroupJuly 13, 2016 Jarrod T. Hardke Assoc. Professor / Rice Extension Agronomist

  2. Irrigation Strategies • Continuous Flood • Straighthead Drain • Intermittent Flood / AWD • Furrow Irrigation / Row Rice

  3. Irrigation Strategies • Continuous Flood • Standard Best Management Practice • Most efficient for: • N management • Weed control • Disease management

  4. Irrigation Strategies • Continuous Flood • Straighthead Drain • Necessity on some fields • Requires careful management • Plant resistant cultivars • Some fields lose flood at this time, but not on purpose…

  5. Irrigation Strategies • Intermittent Flood / AWD • Potential water savings • Increased weed control risk? • Increased disease risk? • When do I hold flood / dry up? • Reduction in GHG emissions • Reduction in ‘carbon footprint’

  6. Irrigation Strategies • Continuous Flood • Straighthead Drain • Intermittent Flood / AWD • Furrow Irrigation / Row Rice • Improved rotational option • Reduced land preparation • Reduced airplane costs • Increased herbicide costs? • Increased disease control costs?

  7. Nitrogen & Irrigation • N Management Decisions change according to irrigation practices! • Most yield limiting factor • Must get it right

  8. Intermittent Flood • Maintain initial flood for 3 weeks • Drydown & flood early and lose N • Apply more N if happens • Once past 3 weeks, begin AWD • Weed control not an issue, keep muddy • Disease control – blast a concern, sheath blight less

  9. Flood 6/21; Reflood 6/28, 7/8, 7/16, 7/30, 8/26

  10. Flood 6/6; Reflood 7/7, 7/28, 9/2

  11. Flood 6/6; Reflood 7/7, 7/28, 9/2 Cont. Flood Int. Flood SPF vs Spoon in Flood SPF vs SPF +30 @ dry

  12. Flood 6/10; Reflood 6/22, 7/1, 7/23, 8/3 Cont. Flood Int. Flood SPF vs Spoon in Flood SPF vs SPF +30 @ dry

  13. Straighthead Drain • Can be done without hurting yield • If we know drain will occur, possible to divide up preflood N • Avoid potential N loss and same cost • Weed control not an issue – well canopied • Re-establishing flood an issue – hot, dry years • Time accurately based on DD50 program

  14. Furrow / Row Rice • Slope of field makes a difference • Shallow slope – no rice in middle • Steep slope – rice down middles • Need a ‘tail levee’ • Capture irrigation water in field • Clearfield best bet – more weed control options • Hybrid or variety with good blast package safest options

  15. Intermittent Flood • Must maintain initial flood for 3 weeks • Drydown & flood early and lose N • Apply more N if happens • Once past 3 weeks, begin AWD • Weed control not an issue, keep muddy • Disease control – blast a concern, sheath blight less

  16. AWD Conclusions • Hybrids more tolerant but varieties also work (but increased risk) • Maintain initial flood for 3 weeks • Early Drydown & reflood leads to N loss & YIELD LOSS • Can begin AWD 3 weeks after initial flood • But what is the trigger to reflood ??? • Moisture sensors ??? (~20 cb) • Weed control can remain an issue • Blast disease a concern with varieties

  17. My Crew: Donna Frizzell, Eddie Castaneda, Garrett Lee, Tara Clayton, Ralph Mazzanti, Ron Baker, & Chuck Pipkins

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