Objectives:

Slide 2:Objectives:

Participants will: Understand tooth decay and its causes. Understand the importance of flossing and brushing as they relate to good oral hygiene. Understand the importance of eating a variety of healthy foods from each group in the Food Guide Pyramid. Understand appropriate serving sizes.

Slide 3:Health Protection and Promotion Act � 1999:

Responsible for overseeing the organization and delivery of public health programs and services to prevent the spread of disease.

Slide 4:Types of Disease prevention

Information for this section taken from the following source: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases. http://www.CDC.gov/ncidod/op/handwashing.htm Primary Secondary Tertiary

Slide 5:Primary prevention:

Activities that take place before a disease or injury is present to prevent it from occurring. For example: Vaccination for chicken pox Education on the dangers of smoking Wearing sunscreen to prevent skin cancer Wearing a seatbelt to prevent injury

Slide 6:Secondary prevention:

Testing for certain diseases like scoliosis. Treating diseases with medicine, like diabetes and high cholesterol. Activities that take place once the disease has already occurred to help treat, reverse, or stop the illness. For example:

Slide 7:Tertiary prevention:

Physical therapy after an accident Oxygen for those with breathing problems Asthma treatments Rehabilitation activities that will help the patient lead a normal life once the disease has already caused illness or injury. For example:

Slide 8:Other primary prevention methods:

Hand washing Stops bacteria and viruses from spreading. Isolating those who are ill Stay home from school if you are sick

Slide 9:Genetics�certain diseases might run in your family Behavior such as smoking or using drugs Physical environment such as air or water pollution Access to health care; for example, lack of transportation to the doctor Income; for example, lack of health insurance Education; for example, being unaware of the risks of certain behavior

What factors affect health?

Slide 10:What determines a person�s health behavior?

What they were taught Emotions Education Social status Environment Perception of risk

Slide 11:Chronic diseases:

Very common Most are preventable Usually leads to a long course of illness Usually develops slowly Usually progresses over time Heart disease Diabetes Cancer Asthma A disease lasting three months or more, that cannot be prevented or cured by medicine.

Slide 12:Infectious diseases:

Diseases that can be carried and transmitted by humans or animals by different routes.

Slide 13:Airborne route:

Bacteria and viruses are transmitted through small particles in the air. They must be able to live outside the body for a long period of time. They enter the body via the respiratory tract. Common cold Influenza (the flu) Tuberculosis (TB)

Slide 14:Fecal-Oral route:

Organisms that live in the digestive tract. Usually come from contaminated food. Lack of hand washing spreads the organisms. Improper cooking and storing of food can spread: E. coli bacteria Salmonella bacteria Hepatitis A virus

Slide 15:Direct contact:

Person-to-person Touching Kissing Sexual contact Body lesions (sores or open areas)

Slide 16:Indirect contact:

Person is infected by coming into contact with contaminated surfaces such as: Doorknobs and light fixtures Computers Toys Phones

Slide 17:Vector-borne:

Transmitted by animals or insects, such as: Mosquitoes  (West Nile virus) Raccoons (rabies) Ticks (Lyme disease)

Slide 18:Borne by droplets:

Transmitted by large droplets from the eyes, nose, or mouth, usually too large to be airborne for long. Measles SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome � noted outbreak in China)

Slide 19:Summary:

Health can be affected by: genetics, behavior, physical environment, access to healthcare, income, and education. There are three types of disease prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary disease prevention. Disease can be spread by different types of transmission, such as airborne, vectors, direct contact, and droplets.

Slide 21:What is tooth decay?

A disease of the teeth caused by sugars and bacteria. Information for this section taken from the following source: The American Dental Association; www.ADA.org

Slide 22:What is plaque?

A sticky substance made up of bacteria and food that adheres to the teeth.

Slide 24:Can plaque be removed?

Yes, with good oral hygiene that includes: Brushing teeth at least twice a day to remove plaque on the surface of the teeth. Daily flossing to remove plaque between the teeth. Rinsing with mouthwash if you cannot use a toothbrush.

Slide 25:What is a cavity?

A cavity is an actual hole in the tooth that is caused by the acid eating away at the tooth.

Slide 26:What are the best ways to keep teeth and gums healthy?

Proper nutrition Dental exams Proper brushing Proper flossing

Slide 27:Cavities Root canals and loss of teeth Dentures Bridges Partial plates

What happens if you don�t take care of your teeth?

Slide 28:Halitosis

Bad breath is usually related to bacteria that live in the mouth. Bacteria consume foods and excrete wastes. Some of those wastes are sulfur compounds; when they are given off, it causes bad breath.

Slide 29:Even worse�

Oral infections can become systemic (spread) to other parts of the body including the heart or bloodstream.

Slide 30:Eating for oral health

Limit foods that are high in sugar. For snacks, choose healthy foods that are not sticky. Chew sugarless gum. Raw fruits and vegetables are great for your teeth.

Slide 31:Dental exams: Primary Prevention

Visit your dentist at least twice a year.

Slide 32:Proper brushing and flossing:

Brush teeth at least twice a day to remove the food particles and bacteria that can turn to plaque and cause decay. Floss teeth at least once a day to remove food particles that get stuck below the gum line and can cause gum disease.

Slide 33:Summary:

Bad breath is caused by bacteria. Dental disease can be prevented. Tooth plaque is also caused by bacteria.

Slide 36:Why is good nutrition so important?

Lowers risk of many chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. Helps to maintain a healthy weight. Provides people with more energy.

Slide 37:What is a �healthy diet�?

Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products; Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts; and Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Dietary Guidelines describe a healthy diet as one that: Information for this section taken from the following Web site: www.mypyramid.gov

Slide 38:Food tips:

Vary your veggies Focus on fruit Go lean with protein Get your calcium rich foods Make half your grains whole Find your balance between food and physical activity

Slide 39:Limit sugar intake:

Foods high in sugar often have too many calories and not enough nutrients. Sugar also promotes tooth decay.

Slide 40:Limit salty foods:

Salty foods can increase your risk of high blood pressure.

Slide 41:Choose a diet high in fruits, vegetables and grain products.

These foods provide vitamins, minerals, fiber and complex carbohydrates.

Slide 42: This will reduce your risk of heart attack, certain cancers, and will help maintain a healthy weight.

Eat foods that are low in fat, saturated fat and cholesterol.

Slide 43:Limit alcohol intake:

Alcohol is high in calories and provides little or no nutrition.

Slide 44:Summary:

Try to stay away from high fat, high sugar, high salt foods and alcohol. A healthy diet includes fruits, vegetables, and grains. A healthy diet is very important because it lowers your risk of many chronic diseases. It helps to maintain a healthy weight and provides more energy. Exercise is important, too.