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Antihypertensive drugs

Antihypertensive drugs in pharmacology: There we see about the Introduction, Classification, Etiology & the one orally active antihypertensive drug Hydralazine.<br>Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high<br>blood pressure (HBP).Antihypertensive : A type of drug used to treat<br>high blood pressure.

Mainaksaha
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Antihypertensive drugs

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  1. Anti Hypertensive Drug Presented By MainakSaha

  2. Contents • Introduction • Classification • Etiology • MOA Of Hydralazine • Pharmacokinetics Of Hydralazine • Adverse effects Of Hydralazine • Drug Interaction • References

  3. Introduction • Hypertension (HTN), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. • Antihypertensive : A type of drug used to treat high blood pressure. • The Normal SBP will be 120 mmHg and DBP will be 80 mmHg

  4. Classification Of Antihypertension Diuretics ACE inhibitors (captopril) Adrenergic receptor antagonists { β-blockers, α-blockers, α+β blockers } Calcium blockers (nifedipine) Renin inhibitor (aliskiren) Vasodilators (hydralazine) Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (losartan)

  5. Etiology • Primary HTN: it is the elevation in BP without an identified cause. This type is account for 80-90% of total cases. • Secondary HTN: it is the elevation in BP with an exact cause. This type is account for 5-10% of total cases. • The causes of Secondary HTN includes • Renal disease • Endocrine disorders like Cushing's syndrome • Neurological disorders like brain tumors and head injury • Sleep apnea • Medications like oral contraceptive pills, NSAID

  6. Vasodilators Hydralazine Hydralazine (1-hydrazinophthalazine) was one of the first orally active antihypertensive drugs. It is used for the management of essential hypertension or severe hypertension associated with conditions requiring heart failure, and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

  7. MOA Of Hydralazine Hydralazine cause direct relaxation of the blood vessels by activating K+ channels thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance with a consequent fall BP Pharmacokinetics Of Hydralazine Hydralazine is well absorbed from GIT on oral administration. It is metabolized in the liver by acetylation. The plasma half-life of the drug is approximately 1 hour, but the duration of antihypertensive effect is long. It is excreted as metabolites and very small amount of the drug.

  8. Adverse effects Of Hydralazine • Reflex tachycardia • Salt and water retention • Vomiting • Headache • Skin rashes Drug Interaction Side effects of Hydralazine decreases when it is given in conjunction With a diuretic and beta- blockers.

  9. References 1.Rasheed. H.S , Qureshi . R A Textbook Of Pharmacology-II, B.Pharmacy2019 Edition 2.Ratheesh R L ; Lecturer Murlidhar college of nursing, Rajkot 3. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01275

  10. Thank You

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