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The Annie E. Casey Foundation Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative JDAI

The Annie E. Casey Foundation Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative JDAI. Council of State Governments May 17, 2009. Rand Young , WA State JDAI Coordinator rand_young@msn.com 509-624-4924. Rapid Growth of JDAI Nationally 100 jurisdictions - 25 states & District of Columbia. WA.

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The Annie E. Casey Foundation Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative JDAI

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  1. The Annie E. Casey FoundationJuvenile Detention Alternatives InitiativeJDAI Council of State Governments May 17, 2009 Rand Young, WA State JDAI Coordinator rand_young@msn.com 509-624-4924

  2. Rapid Growth of JDAI Nationally100 jurisdictions - 25 states & District of Columbia WA MT NH MN ● OR MA ID NJ IA CA DE IL NV MD IN VA DC MO NM HI AZ AL GA TX MS LA County site State site

  3. JDAI Goals • Reduce Detention for low-risk youth • Develop community-based alternatives to detention • Improve the effectiveness of the juvenile justice system • Reduce racial disparities for youth in Detention • Maintain or improve public safety

  4. High - Risk Youth Murder Rape/Sex Offenses Robbery Burglary Weapons charges Assault Physical injury crimes Bomb Threats Low – Risk Youth Minor theft Alcohol violations Minor drug charges Disorderly Conduct Truancy Runaways Probation Violations Many Warrants

  5. Reducing Detention is Good Public Policy • Maintains or improves public safety • Cost-effective for taxpayers • Produces better outcomes

  6. What we have learned about detaining youth • Reducing detention for low-risk youth has not increased crime • Detention is the most expensive crime reduction strategy • Detention is not particularly effective in reducing crime • Low-risk youth can be negatively influenced by high-risk youth • Detention interrupts school – youth fall further behind and dropout • Detention can pull youth deeper into the criminal justice system • Detained youth are more likely to reoffend than youth not detained

  7. Less Detention – No increase in Crime

  8. Detention is the most expensive crime reduction strategy Cost Per Day $200 $35

  9. Cost Savings/Avoidance - Reduced Liability Seattle, Washington • Reduced detention population from 180 – 90 • Avoided new construction costs • Saved $3.9 - $5.4 million per year over a 20 year period Tacoma, Washington • Reduced detention population from 158 to 65 • Reduced liability by closing an unsafe detention unit • Shifted savings & staff to community-based alternatives Spokane, Washington • Reduced detention population from 65 – 40 • Reduced Liability - eliminated unsafe “double-bunking” • Transferred detention staff to alternative programs

  10. Detention is not particularly effective in reducing crime $1.00 invested = $ ____ Crime Reduction Benefit $13.36 $10.82 $7.68 $6.81 $1.98 $1.01 WA State Institute of Public Policy: Recommendations to Improve Cost-Effectiveness in the Juvenile Justice

  11. Most Detained Youth are not risks to public safety Felony Assault Robbery Arson Weapons Misdemeanor Shoplifting Drug Possession Alcohol Violations Disorderly Conduct 38.6% 32.3% 29.1% Status Offenses Probation Violations Warrants

  12. New Felony New Misdemeanor Court Ordered Detention Truancy, Runaway Abuse & Neglect Probation Violations Warrants

  13. JDAI Strategies 1) System-wide Collaboration 2) Reliance on Data 3) Objective Admissions Screening 4) Alternatives to Secure Detention 5) Expedited Case Processing 6) Warrant & Probation Violation Options 7) Reduce Racial Disparities 8) Regular Detention Facility Inspections

  14. System-wide Collaboration • Leaders work together to improve juvenile justice • Implement the Eight JDAI strategies

  15. Reliance on DataData drives decisions & policy Measure current outcomes & costs • Number low-risk youth detained • Juvenile arrest rates • Cost of Detention Develop plan based on data • Reduce low-risk youth detained • Develop alternative programs • Monitor arrest rates • Reduce costs – redirect to alternatives

  16. Objective Admission Criteria Risk Assessment Tool to Detain the Right Youth • Identify & detain high-risk youth • Reduce detaining low-risk youth • Standardize decisions • fairness • consistency

  17. Alternatives to Secure Detention • Community Service Work Projects • House Arrest & Electronic Monitoring • Weekend Programs • Day & Evening Reporting Centers • Foster & Shelter Care Programs

  18. Expedited Case Processing • Youth learn best with a swift consequence • Improve coordination: Prosecutor, Defense & Probation • Reduce court case continuances • Identify stalled cases & problem solve

  19. Probation Violation Options • Consistent sanctions for all youth • Match sanction with the seriousness of violation • Develop immediate informal sanctions • Use Alternative Programs • Make Detention the last resort

  20. Warrant Options – Minimize FTAs • Expedite court process • Court Hearing Reminder Calls • In-Person Reminder Contacts • Verify notice of hearing was received

  21. Reduce Racial Disparities • Prioritize reducing racial disparities • Measure rates of racial disparities at decision points • Detention • Sentencing • Sanctioning • Transfers to Adult System • Adopt “standardized” methods of decision making • Detention Risk Assessment Tool • Standardize Probation Violation Sanctions

  22. Regular Detention Facility Inspections • Annual Self-Inspections • Measure compliance with JDAI Standards • Update policies and make improvements

  23. JDAI Technical Assistance • Small grants for travel & coordination • Technical Assistance Providers • Tools, Guides, Publications • jdaihelpdesk.org • Model Site Visits • JDAI National Conferences

  24. “The daily detention population in our facility has greatly reduced but without a resultant compromise in community safety. In fact, just the opposite: we have the lowest rates of reoffense that we’ve ever had.” Amy Holmes Hehn Multnomah County District Attorney

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