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SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE. Bony Articulations. Occipital bone: Occipital condyles. Atlas: Posterior tubercle. Posterior arch. Anterior arch. Transverse process with foramina. Lateral masses: Articulation with occipital condyles. Articulation with axis. Bony Articulations. Axis:

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SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE

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  1. SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE

  2. Bony Articulations Occipital bone: Occipital condyles. Atlas: Posterior tubercle. Posterior arch. Anterior arch. Transverse process with foramina. Lateral masses: Articulation with occipital condyles. Articulation with axis.

  3. Bony Articulations Axis: Dens (odontoid process). Spinous process. Transverse processes with foramina.

  4. Vertebral Column Ligaments • Anterior longitudinal ligament. • Posterior longitudinal ligament. • Ligamentum flavum. • Ligamentum nuchae: Supraspinous + interspinous ligaments.

  5. Cervical and Craniovertebral Joints Three synovial joints: No intervertebral disc. Between dens and anterior arch of the atlas. Between lateral masses of atlas and axis (x2). Ligaments: Apical ligament. Alar ligaments. Cruciate ligaments. Tectorial membrane.

  6. Suboccipital Triangle Muscles • Obliquus capitis superior: Weak extensor of the neck. • Obliquus capitis inferior: Strong rotator of atlas. • Rectus capitis posterior major: Extension of vertebral column. • Rectus capitis posterior minor: Extension of vertebral column.

  7. Floor and Roof • Floor: Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane. • Roof: Semispinalis capitis muscle.

  8. Suboccipital Triangle Contents • Suboccipital nerve: Dorsal ramus of C1. No sensory function and no dorsal root. Motor to muscles of suboccipital triangle. • Greater occipital nerve: Dorsal ramus of C2. Sensory to back of skull.

  9. Suboccipital Triangle Contents • Third occipital nerve: Dorsal ramus of C3. • Vertebral artery.

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