Innovations In Wired And Wireless USB

1. Innovations In Wired And Wireless USB Fred Bhesania Program Manager Windows Device Experience Group Microsoft Corporation

2. Agenda • Recent USB Innovations • USB Advances in Windows Vista • Wireless USB Trends • Wireless USB Support on Windows

3. Internet Broadcast Personal Computing Mobile Multimedia Consumer Electronics Market Convergence

4. Number of Wired USB Products Shipped per Year (Millions) Over 2 Billion units in the installed base today, growing to 3.5 Billion by 2006 800 700 600 500 400 Wired USB Attach Rates for Key Peripheral Device Types 300 200 Source: Cahners In-Stat Group, 2002 100 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 PCs Peripherals Consumer Electronics Digital Cameras Camcorders External Storage 95+% 96% 95% USB enabled by ‘06 USB enabled by ‘06 USB enabled by ‘06 Source: In-Stat/MDR Group, 2004 USB Landscape And Trends • Most widely used PC peripheral interface • Installed base is over 2 billion units and growing • Adoption virtually 100% in most PC and peripheral categories • Rapidly penetrating Mobile and CE markets; Also being used for charging • Certified Wireless USB adopting the successes of wired USB to keep progress • Amendments to spec to allow dual-role devices as well as inter-chip USB “USB is the most successful interface in the history of the PC” Source: Brian O’Rourke/Instat-MDR

5. WinUSB and WDF Simpler APIs/DDIs in Kernel andnow USER; available down level Power Management Updates Selective Suspend update andability to turn individual ports off Developer Docs Tons of new content on USBin WDK Group Policy for Devices Give IT managers ability to controltype of devices that attach to PCs ReadyBoostTM and USB Ability to boost system performanceusing USB storage devices Kernel Debugging Debug system using USB2debug cable USB Storage enhancements Improved performance, powersavings and management features USB Perf Counters Integration of USB countersin PerfMon Wireless USB* Ability to use wired USB software and experiences wirelessly; fast to market More to follow… USB Enhancements In Windows USB continues to grow and evolve so what's new in Windows Vista and beyond? * Wireless USB is not in Windows Vista, but is being developed to run on Windows Vista

6. Legend IHV or ISV Component Microsoft New Component Application U K Driver WDF.SYS Device Kernel Mode Driver Foundation (KMDF) Motivation • Too many • Rules that every WDM driver must implement • Behaviors to get right • Details to effectively test • In the end, not easy to get right Solution • Encapsulate hard problems into one location • Provide a solution which has known good behavior UMDF making significant strides, when you don’t need to be in Kernel

7. Legend IHV or ISV Component New Microsoft Components Existing Microsoft Components WinUSB.SYS WinUSB. DLL U K Device Application Existing USB Stack WinUSB Architecture • Kernel mode SYS driver handles • Complex logging and I/O • Power management • PnP events, etc. • User mode DLL exposes • Simpler USER Mode API • Incorrect implementation leads to application hang/crash (not PC crash) • Solutions like HID are inefficient (need special H/W) • IHVs don’t want/need to be experts in complex driver models • Due to DDC 2005 feedback, downlevel being considered in late 2006! Should IHV use WinUSB or WDF? (See appendix)

8. Power Management Enhancements • Power Management is now more reliable in Windows Vista • Selective Suspend (SS) – an individual USB port is suspended • Old DDI for Selective Suspend still work • Selective Suspend is integrated with power management • Global Suspend – a USB controller is suspended • CPU can drop to C3 once all controllers suspended • Remote wake handling • Ports can be separately armed for wake on connect/disconnect • Device driver IRP_MN_WAIT_WAKE indicate which device generated remote wake signaling • We did not stop there • Additional support for multi-config devices • Faster resume from suspend • LOTS of documentation in Windows Vista WDK! 

9. USB Performance Counters Windows Vista introduces ways to trackUSB performance counters Host Controller Counters % Bandwidth used for Isoc, Bulk, Interrupt Control Average latency for ISOC devices PCI Interrupts per second Device Specific Counters Bandwidth per endpoint measured (Mbps)

10. ReadyBoost™ And USB • Get the benefits of adding more RAM, now by using USB Mass Storage devices * These are still raw and subject to change during Windows Vista pre-release validation

11. Device Installation Management • Goals • Reduce cost of ownership • Mitigate against data theft • Two deliverables for IT Pro customer • “Group Policy for Device Installation” • Per machine • Can be specified by device setup class and/or HWID • “Group Policy for Removable Storage Device Usage” • Allow different users on same machineto get different rights USB devices without serial number are second class citizens for such scenarios

12. Windows Vista Changes Impacting IHVs • Here are some areas to keep in mind as they may impact IHVs developing USB devices • Driver installation changes and enhancements • User Account Protection (UAP…used to be LUA) • WDK related changes/updates • Windows Logo program requirements

13. Certified Wireless USB

14. Jeff RavencraftPresident & Chairman USB-IF Technology Strategist Intel Corporation

15. The Future Of Mobility… Access toAnythingYou want… Delivered to youEasily… WhenYou want it… Reliably… WhereYou want it And Securely

16. Standards And Regulatory Paths Paved • Standards Progress • ECMA approval in December 2005 • Standards submitted for ISO approval in January 2006 • ISO approval expected in Q3 • IEEE 802.15.3a PAR closed • Regulatory • U.S. FCC approved for commercial use – March 2005 • Europe and Japan likely to issue rules in June/July timeframe • Specifications • Certified Wireless USB 1.0 ratified May 2005 • Wireless USB Association Model 1.0 ratified March 2006 • WiMedia MAC and Phy ratified in 2005

17. Standards And Ecosystem Support +200 Companies

18. 800 (K units) Camcorders Digital Cameras External Storage 95+% 96% 95% USB enabled by ‘06 USB enabled by ‘06 USB enabled by ‘06 A Big Opportunity Wireless USB Estimates (K units) Number of Wired USB Products Shipped per Year (Millions) Over 1 Billion units in the installed base today, growing to 3.5 Billion by 2006 700 600 500 400 300 200 Source: Cahners In-Stat Group 100 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 PCs Peripherals Consumer Electronics Wired USB Attach Rates for Key Device Types “USB is the most successful interface in the history of the PC” –Brian O’Rourke/Instat-MDR Big existing base of USB Big market opportunity for WUSB

19. Certified Wireless USB Technology Overview Up to 127 devices • USB Wire Replacement Technology • Matches data rate of USB 2.0 (480 Mbps) • Hub-and-spoke connection relationship • Connection model is a wire replacement • Point-to-point connections • Between Certified wireless USB host and peripheral • Certified wireless USB cluster • Wireless USB Host with one or more peripherals (up to 127 addressable devices) • Certified Wireless USB clusters may co-exist within an overlapping spatial environment • Support for legacy USB host and devices Host scheduled datacommunications Dual Role Devices

20. Enabling The Market USB 2.0 USB 2.0 Certified Wireless USBHost Wire Adaptor: HWA Certified Wireless USBDevice Wire Adapter: DWA

21. Certified Wireless USB Performance • Protocol designed from the ground up, optimized for a wireless medium • Power management • Security and association • Operating System support/class driver protocol maintained • Data throughput • Bandwidth allocation/isochronous support • 75% efficient (352 Mbps) in dedicated environment • 66% efficient (160 Mbps out of 240 Mbps) in shared environment Certified Wireless USB deliversexcellent performance

22. Certified Wireless USB Compliance • USB-IF provides one-stop-shopping for WUSB certification • Workshops and 3rd party test houses • Test specs are released (www.usb.org) • First Compliance Workshop in 2H ‘06 • Logo from the USB-IF communicates brand promise to OEMs/ODMs, the channel, and the consumer

23. What's Coming In 2006 • Certified Wireless USB Developers Conferences • San Jose (U.S.): June 19 – 21 at San Jose convention center • Taipei (Taiwan): July 24-26, Location TBD • Complete Intel Wireless Host Controller Interface (WHCI) specification • Industry standard for WHCI • The WHCI specification is at Rev 0.91 • Public release targeted for Q1 ‘06 • USB-IF to hold first Certified Wireless USB compliance and certification workshop • First WiMedia compliant Silicon Q2 ‘06 • First certified Wireless USB products 2H ’06

24. TCP/IP Stack USB Client Driver + Software Legend PC Radio Components WiNet Filter Driver USB Core Stack System Software System Software Hardware WiNet Host Controller Miniport WUSB Host Controller Miniport UWB Radio Controller Driver Winet Radio Controller (WinetRCI) UWB Radio Controller (URCI) Wireless USB Host Controller (WHCI) UWB PC sideRadio Hardware MAC and Convergence Layer UWB Radio PHY PEER WiNet Device Hardware PEER WUSB Device Hardware WiNet-WUSB Combo Architecture

25. Call To Action • 64-bit • Ensure that your device and driver work on all 64-bit enabled Windows operating systems • 64-bit Windows is huge! • Test Existing Devices on Windows Vista • Follow the details on www.microsoft.com/whdc to test your device/driver using latest WDK and get WHQL qualification! • Test all your drivers with the new Windows Vista USB stack • Certified Wireless USB • Attend industry trade shows (especially Wireless USB Developers Conference in summer 2006: U.S. plus Asia) • Validate Microsoft’s preproduction UWB stack on your prototypes • Please send sample devices to Windows Team • Visit WUSB Community in Exhibition Hall

26. Additional Resources • Web resources • Specs: http://www.usb.org/developer • Whitepapers: http://www.microsoft.com/WHDC • Microsoft UWB Website: http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/bus/UWB/default.mspx • Communities: www.microsoft.com/communities/products/default.mspx • Related sessions • “Ultrawide Band Architecture for Windows” – Tues 17:30 • “Windows Vista Performance Technologies” – Tues 14:00 • “User-Mode Driver Framework: Introduction and Overview” – Wed 15:15 • “Using the Device Simulation Framework for Software Simulation of USB Devices” – Wed 16:30 • Email address: usbfb @ microsoft.com

27. Appendix

28. Which WDF Model Is Right For You?

29. Power Management Enhancements Extra Details • Enhanced composite device support • Selective suspend now fully supported • Limited support for multiple configuration devices • EHCI 1.0 support • FSTN and i-bit support planned • EHCI bios handoff support planned • USBBiosX key is gone • System suspend states are controller by the controller’s power capabilities • Most systems will now use S3 by default • Automatic reset of transient over-current errors

30. Selective Suspend • Selective suspend • An individual USB port is suspended; a device can draw no more than 2.5 MA while suspended • Global suspend • A USB controller is suspended; this will allow a processor to enter low power states(C3); all ports must be suspended before the controller is suspended • On Windows XP this can only happen if all drivers have submitted an IDLE IRP

31. Which Selective Suspend Method To Use? • Windows XP • All drivers should use IDLE IRPs • Complicated, see appendix for examples • Windows Vista • Only composite devices that are enabled for remote wake need to use • IDLE IRPs • IDLE IRPs are fully supported for all devices

32. Std A Std A DBG Cable USB HUB USB Debugging Architecture U U • Host can support multiple targets • Debug cable must be connected to a special port on the target machine K K No Hubs allowed KDUSB.dll USB2DBG.SYS Hubs allowed USBHUB.SYS HOST Target

33. © 2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.