Infectious Diseases

1. Infectious Diseases

2. Infectious Disease • Aka Communicable Diseases • Caused by micro-organisms • Parasite – lives in/on and feeds on host

3. Pathogens • Pathogens • Micro-organisms • Enter the body • Multiply • Cause disease • Bacteria • Virus • Fungi

4. Bacteria • Single-cell micro-organisms • Release toxins • Examples • Food poisoning –bacteria in food • Tetanus – bacteria on objects/soil Staph

5. Virus • Smallest parasite • Enter cells and take over • Multiply • Cause colds/ flu HIV

6. Fungi • Not all are harmful • Mushroom/ yeast/ mold/ fungi • Some cause rashes • Ringworm & athlete’s foot

7. Spreading Infectious Disease • Physical contact w/ infected person • Contact w/ contaminated object • Environmental sources • Contact w/ contaminated animals

8. Contaminated Animals • Animal bites • *Eating bad food* • Rabies/ Malaria/ Bird flu • HIV/ AIDS

9. Contaminated Object • Most infections die quickly when exposed to air • Some can live on objects • Lice

10. Contact w/ Contaminated Person • Skin to skin contact • Sneeze/ cough • Cold/ STI/ flu/ chicken pox

11. Environmental Sources • Food/ water/ soil • Lead poisoning/ food poisoning • Fungi/ mold/ pathogens in water • Old food left out • Contaminated animals

12. Stages of Disease • Exposure • Incubation Period • Prodromal Period • Acute Stage • Recovery Stage • Convalescence • Immunity

13. Exposure & Incubation • Exposure = contact • Incubation = growth/ maturation • No signs/ symptoms • Pathogen/ parasite grows and multiplies

14. Prodromal Stage • Slight signs & symptoms • Ex: achy/ sore/ tired • Contagious!

15. Acute Stage • Severe symptoms • Most contagious • Most affected

16. Recovery Stage • Signs/ symptoms begin to decrease • Temperature is reduced • Feeling better

17. Covalescence • Infection is gone • Still not quite 100% • Can relapse • Need rest, sleep, healthy diet, antibiotics

18. Immunity • Feel 100% • Body has antibodies • Cannot catch same infection

19. Questions?