Focus/objective: Drugs are chemicals that can change the way a persons body works.

1. Focus/objective: Drugs are chemicals that can change the way a persons body works. Day 1 • Instant Activity: • What are drugs? • Class Work: • What are drugs? • Tobacco Overview • Bullying Pamphlet Due Today

2. Bell Work – Tuesday, Sept. 9 Make sure you have a sharpened pencil and notebook paper. You’ll be taking notes today. On your Bell Work Week 3 paper, write three ways drugs could negatively affect your life.

3. Bell Work – Wednesday, Sept. 11 Make sure you have a sharpened pencil and notebook paper. You’ll be taking notes today. On your Bell Work Week 3 paper, define carcinogen. Then write an example of a carcinogen.

4. Bell Work – Thursday, Sept. 12 Make sure you have a sharpened pencil and your notes from the last two days. We will be reviewing today. On your Bell Work Week 3 paper, write four things that can lead to arteriosclerosis.

5. Bell Work – Friday, September 13 Make sure you have a sharpened pencil and your notes from the last two days. We will be reviewing today. On your Bell Work Week 3 paper, write the definition of emphysema and leukoplakia. Turn in your Bell Work.

6. What are drugs? Drugs are chemicals that can change the way a persons body works.

7. Drugs affect our body in 3 ways • Stimulant • Speeds up the heart • Normal HR • Racing HR • Depressant • Slows down the heart • Slows down brain function • Slowed down HR • Hallucinogen • can alter all senses • illusion of things that aren’t real

8. How are drugs put into the body? Inject---needle Ingest---eat it Inhale---gas form Snort---powder form

9. Tobacco Overview -Cigarettes -Cigars -Chew tobacco

10. Tobacco There are approximately 4,000 chemicals in a single cigarette There are approximately 10,000 chemicals in a single cigar So, which one is worse? Cigarettes! At least 56 of these chemicals are known to be carcinogenic. Carcinogens – chemicals that are known to cause cancer.

11. Tobacco Where did these carcinogens come from? Pesticides – bug spray What is second hand smoke? Second hand smoke has: 2 x the nicotine 5 x the carbon monoxide 98 x the ammonia 3 x the benzopyrene as mainstream smoke. Environmental tobacco smoke kills 53,000 people annually or 124 people each day – remember, these are non-smokers.

12. Tobacco What is the addictive ingredient? Nicotine in plants acts as a natural anti-herbivore chemical that discourages insects from eating the plant. Nicotine is pale yellow in color and is oily in consistency. Upon contact with air nicotine turns brown and is extremely poisonous in high concentrations. Nicotine acts as a stimulant when ingested by mammals and this is the reason why many people have a dependence on it. Nicotine – currently the most addictive substance that humans are aware of. An injection of one drop (70mg) will kill an average size man within a few minutes.

13. Tobacco is the only product that when used as directed results in death and disability.

15. Tobacco Each marijuana joint equals 4 – 7 cigarettes. = 12% of people get addicted on first time use. 98% of smokers will be lifetime users. About 2% will ever be able to quit for good.

16. Tobacco Name the 4 most common gate-way drugs: drugs that lead to other poor choices. Marijuana Alcohol Tobacco Inhalants

17. Tobacco - conditions Arteriosclerosis: a hardening of the arteries. It is also a major cause of heart attack and stroke. Four main things that lead to arteriosclerosis: Alcohol Tobacco Fatty foods, poor nutrition Lack of exercise

18. Tobacco - conditions Heart Attack: caused when the heart is damaged by a sudden lack of blood flow to the heart muscle. Stroke: lack of blood flow to the brain, due to a blockage in a blood vessel or the bursting of a blood vessel.

19. Tobacco - conditions emphysema: When you breathe, air is drawn in through the bronchial passages and down into the increasingly fine network of tubing in the lungs called the alveoli, which are many thousands of tiny sacs surrounded by capillaries. These absorb the oxygen and transfer it into the blood. When toxins such as smoke are breathed into the lungs, the particles are trapped by the hairs and cannot be exhaled. Instead, they remain in the lungs, clogging up the oxygen exchange mechanism and severely restricting the airflow. This damage causes the symptoms of emphysema. Emphysema is an irreversible degenerative condition. It is treated by supporting the breathing with bronchodilators and steroid medication, and supplemental oxygen is often required.

20. Emphysema

21. Tobacco - conditions Circulatory Issues: Smoking causes blood vessels to become narrow, reducing blood flow to the various organs and parts of the body.

22. Tobacco - conditions Ulcer: An ulcer is a sore or hole in the stomach. Nicotine in cigarette smoke causes extra stomach acid to form. This extra acid can lead to an ulcer. Smoking can prevent this from healing.

23. Tobacco – other conditions Gingivitis Osteoporosis Halitosis: extremely bad breath Headaches Allergies

24. Tobacco – CANCERS Lung: 85% of all lung cancers are caused by smoking.

25. Tobacco – CANCERS Esophageal: throat. Connects your mouth to your stomach.

26. Tobacco – CANCERS Oral: cancers of the mouth, tongue, cheek and lips Leukoplakia: early stage oral cancer.

27. Tobacco – CANCERS Laryngeal: voice box

28. Tobacco – CANCERS Bladder Kidney

29. Your body (immune system) has 3 major lines of defense: 1. SKIN: as long as your skin is intact, your risk of infection is relatively non-existent. 2. MUCUS MEMBRANES: this is why your eyes water, nose runs, etc., when you get sick. It’s your body’s way of trying to keep your system free of germs. Ciliais part of the 2nd line of defense. These tiny, hair-like fibers are constantly sweeping debris up and out of your system.(eyelashes, etc) 3. FEVER: when something gets past your skin and mucus membranes you run a fever.

30. Your body (immune system) has 3 major lines of defense: Ciliais part of the 2nd line of defense. These tiny, hair-like fibers are constantly sweeping debris up and out of your system.

31. Your body (immune system) has 3 major lines of defense: TAR causes significant problems for cilia. It temporarily paralyzes it.

32. Your body (immune system) has 3 major lines of defense: Because the cilia can no longer function effectively, mucus that would normally be expelled is now pooling in the lungs.

33. Someone who smokes a pack-a-day for a year, has generated 4 cups of TAR. 1/3 of that stays in the tobacco filter 1/3 goes into the lungs of the smoker 1/3 goes into the air as second hand smoke Someone who smokes a pack a day for a year, has to clear about 2 cups of mucus out of their lungs every morning.

35. Pathway for food and air after a total laryngectomy.