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Science 9 Chapter 2.2

Science 9 Chapter 2.2. The periodic table. Today. Elements ( more tomorrow) Chemical symbols The periodic table Mendeleev Families Workbook pages for homework Coming up… learning about elements. Elements. A pure substance that cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances

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Science 9 Chapter 2.2

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  1. Science 9 Chapter 2.2 The periodic table

  2. Today • Elements (more tomorrow) • Chemical symbols • The periodic table • Mendeleev • Families • Workbook pages for homework Coming up… learning about elements

  3. Elements • A pure substance that cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances • Made up of one kind of atom • There are currently 118 known elements http://images-of-elements.com/

  4. Chemical symbols • Consist of 1 or 2 letters • E.g., • H = Hydrogen • Mg = Magnesium • Na = Sodium (Latin = natrium)

  5. Elements can be metals, non-metals, or metalloids Metal properties: • Shiny • Usually solid • Malleable (hammer or press without cracking) • Ductile (stretch into thin wire) • Good conductors of heat and electricity

  6. Carbon  Non-metals • Dull • Gases or brittle solids • Non-malleable and non-ductile • Poor conductors of heat and electricity  Chlorine gas

  7. Metalloids: properties of both metals and non-metals • Solids • Shiny or dull • May conduct electricity • Poor conductors of heat • Non-malleable and non-ductile Selenium  Silicon 

  8. The Periodic Table • Organizes elements by their physical and chemical properties • Developed by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1867

  9. Mendeleev • Organized known elements by properties and characteristics • Recognized the need to leave spaces for elements not yet discovered

  10. The periodic table • Includes the element’s name, symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, and ion charge

  11. Metals, non-metals, metalloidsreactivity

  12. The periodic table • Periods = horizontal rows • Families = vertical columns • Elements in the same family have similar physical and chemical properties.

  13. Today • HW check wb 28-29 • Video • Periodic table • Mendeleev • Families! • Due Monday: wb 30-31 and Periodic Table Coming up… learning about elements

  14. Alkali Metals • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m55kgyApYrY

  15. Alkali Metals (family #1) • HIGHLY reactive with halogens • Reactive with oxygen and water • Low melting points • Soft

  16. Alkaline earth metals (family #2) • Less reactive than alkali metals • Burn in air if heated • Produce bright flames • React with water

  17. Halogens (family #17) • Non-metals • Highly reactive

  18. Nobel Gases(family #18) • Very stable • Un-reactive • All gases

  19. Transition Metals • Found at the centre of the periodic table • Complex arrangement of electrons • Fe, Co, and Ni are magnetic

  20. Today • Elements • Chemical symbols • The periodic table • Mendeleev • Families • Workbook pages due tomorrow: 28-31 Coming up… learning about elements http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGM-wSKFBpo

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