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Rocks & Minerals

Amazing Minerals. Rocks & Minerals. Li Chung Ming, Pavel Zinin Ruth Jia & Tayro Acousta. Minerals are ……. the chemicals that make up the rocks. 4 important elements for a mineral. Naturally-occurring Inorganic Solid Fixed Chemical Composition Crystalline. Is diamond a mineral?.

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Rocks & Minerals

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  1. Amazing Minerals Rocks & Minerals Li Chung Ming, Pavel Zinin Ruth Jia & Tayro Acousta

  2. Minerals are ……. the chemicals that make up the rocks

  3. 4 important elements for a mineral Naturally-occurring Inorganic Solid Fixed Chemical Composition Crystalline

  4. Is diamond a mineral?

  5. Yes, diamond is a mineral It has been found in many different parts of the earth as shown below

  6. Many diamonds were found in the kimberlite pipe, Kimberley, South Africa

  7. Diamond is crystalline with a fixed chemical composition -- carbon (C) A single crystal with a well-developed external form The unit cell of diamond structure showing how carbon atoms inside are arranged.

  8. Do you know how many minerals have been found so far ?

  9. There are about 3000 known • minerals so far. • Only 200 of them are commonly • observed. • 20 of them are important rock- • forming minerals.

  10. 7 Amazing Minerals

  11. 1. Diamond

  12. The hardest mineral on earth “Diamond is forever”

  13. 2. Quartz

  14. The most abundant mineral on the earth’s surface -- quartz (rock crystal) SiO2

  15. The mineral we eat daily –table salt NaCl (halite) Cl-1 Na+1 The mineral halite has a typical ionic bonding between Na+1 and Cl-1 The unit cell is face-center cubic

  16. 3. Mica

  17. The mineral that looks like a stack of papers mica – a sheet silicate

  18. 4. Magnetite

  19. The mineral that attracts iron metals magnetite – an iron oxide (Fe3O4)

  20. 5. Pyrite

  21. The yellow mineral that fools many people as gold pyrite (FeS2 ) The cubic crystal of pyrite Crystal structure – a face-center cubic

  22. Interesting features of pyrite, FeS2 Clear striations on the surface The black color for pyrite powder The simplest way to produce powder from minerals is to scratch a sharp edge of a specimen against a rough & hard ceramic plate. You may try a pyrite specimen on the table to see if it is correct.

  23. 6. Ice

  24. The mineral that floats on water Ice – the solid form of water, H2O

  25. 7. Olivine

  26. A green mineral called Hawaii diamond Olivine – a silicate, (Fe, Mg)2SiO4

  27. Interesting facts about the olivine mineral olivine crystals in the basalt It is the first mineral crystallized out from the molten magma. Puu Mahana, Green Sand Beach, Hawaii It is the major component for the green sand.

  28. The most abundant mineral in the earth’s upper mantle (below the crust and above 410 km depth)

  29. The End Thank you for coming Mahalo

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