Vrije Universiteit Faculty of Sciences Department of Computer Science

1. Requirements Analysis and Task Design in Dynamic Environments Johan F. Hoorn and Gerrit C. van der Veer HCI International 2003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Vrije Universiteit Faculty of Sciences Department of Computer Science Section Information Management & Software Engineering Subsection Human Computer Interaction, Multimedia & Culture

2. Contents • Problem • Aim • Theory • Model • Prospects • Questions Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs

3. Problem Business models change in reaction to the outside world Therefore, business goals and work processes change IT systems become outdated even before release This costs time, money, effort, and anger

4. Government demand changes Slow work process allowed Work process must be fast Supporting IT can leave much to the user Supporting IT is not allowed to leave much to the user Business model Public service? Serves general public No break even Commercial? Serves itself Beyond break even

5.  Make new incident Each action a new window Fill out 8 action windows Make 4 different files Supporting IT can leave much to the user Supporting IT is not allowed to leave much to the user Public service Commercial

6. Does not support the public Not cost extensive Supporting IT is not allowed to leave much to the user Expensive redesign Public service Commercial Minimal number of complex windows is 12 Takes at least 30 minutes Error probability high

7. Aim • Can we make up a system structure that can handle changes in business goals and work processes? To this end we need to isolate the factors that remain stable throughout the process of change

8. Examples of goals Personal concerns Group concerns Get an exciting job Help juvenile delinquents http://www.politie.nl/groningen/Politie%20regio%2001%20Groningen_bestanden/vrijwilliger.htm http://www.politie.nl/flevoland/images/VOS.ht1.jpg

9. http://www.openbaarministerie.nl/proces/inleiding.htm Examples of processes Accuracy Speed

10. Theory Evolving business models cause shifts in personal and business goals They also affect the speed of work processes and thus, (human) accuracy All this explains the changes in system requirements

11. Where, then, can we find the stable factors? Business goals: - break even / make profit egotistic - to serve and protect altruistic Personal goals: - make a career egotistic - commitment to company altruistic New business model changes priorities

12. Changing system requirements Stakeholders Client Management Workfloor vs. vs. Sources of conflict, regarding goals vs. Business goals Personal goals egotistic vs. altruistic egotistic vs. altruistic Event

13. Help me! Stable process mechanisms Accurate processes: - getting an e-dossier fast - breath analysis slow Inaccurate processes: - summary justice fast - incident administration slow New business model changes priorities

14. Changing system requirements Stakeholders Client Management Workfloor vs. vs. Sources of conflict, regarding processes vs. Accurate process Inaccurate process speed vs. accuracy speed vs. accuracy Event

15. Model Agreed requirements change’ Goals Process egotistic personal fast inaccurate Break even Serve, protect Career Commitment E-dossier Breath analysis Summary justice Incident adm. business altruistic accurate slow Relevance Valence

16. Prospects • Ethnography • Structured questionnaires • Confirmative factor analysis • Model fit • Adaptive system structure?

17. Questions?