The History of Latin – American Relations

1. The History of Latin – American Relations

2. The Monroe Doctrine • United States policy introduced on December 2, 1823 stating that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention • Its primary objective was to free the newly independent colonies of Latin America from European intervention and control. • The Monroe Doctrine maintained the autonomy of Latin American nations, thereby allowing the United States to impose its economic policies at will.

3. Nicaragua

4. America-Nicaragua • Vanderbilt plotted to take control of Nicaragua. • With Vanderbilt's help, a young adventurer named William Walker set out with fifty-seven followers to conquer Nicaragua. • Walker formed an alliance with a group of local rebels and defeated the Nicaraguan forces. • Many Americans wanted the United States to assume direct control of Nicaragua. The government, however, was afraid to upset the fragile balance between "free" and "slave" territories. • By 1909 the United States-Nicaraguan Concession was largest American company in Nicaragua • Walker eventually quarreled with Vanderbilt about the transit company, and soon another revolution drove him from power. In 1860 Walker died before a firing squad. American economic involvement in Nicaragua lived on. • American banks took control of Nicaragua's customs collection. They applied the money they collected directly to the country's debt. The marines remained in Nicaragua's capital to serve as "international police" and prevent any further revolts. • Many Americans wanted the United States to assume direct control of Nicaragua. The government, however, was afraid to upset the fragile balance between "free" and "slave" territories.

5. Chile

6. America-Chile • A presidential election was held in Chile on 4 September 1970 • Both the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the KGB spent significant amount of money to influence the outcome of the election. • The CIA did not provide direct assistance to any candidate, as they had in 1964, but rather focused on anti-Allende propaganda, ultimately spending $425,000. The money was used in a "scare campaign" of posters and pamphlets linking an Allende victory with the violence and repression associated with the Soviet Union. • KGB money was more precisely targeted. Allende made a personal request for Soviet money through his personal contact, KGB officer SvyatoslavKuznetsov, who urgently came to Chile from US president Richard Nixon was enraged by the victory of Allende and by the failure of CIA covert actions to help Allende. The original allocation of money for these elections through the KGB was $400,000, and additional personal subsidy of $50,000 directly to Allende.[1] • It is believed that help from KGB was a decisive factor, because Allende won by a narrow margin of 39,000 votes of a total of the 3 million cast. • US president Richard Nixon was enraged by the victory of Allende and by the failure of CIA covert actions.[1

7. http://youtu.be/8R7MNnoYktM

8. Cuba

9. America-Cuba • On January 1, 1899, the Spanish administration retired from Cuba, and that same day General John R. Brooke installed a military government on the island. This was the beginning of the United States occupation of Cuba. • However, the United States government was bound by the Teller Amendment, which placed Cuba in a category different from the other areas previously controlled by Spain. • The Teller Amendment was succeeded by the Platt Amendment introduced by Senator Orville Platt in February 1901. It allowed the United States "the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence • Furthermore, the strong annexationsist drive had waned in the United States; The realities of Cuba as economically destroyed by the war and having a large black population were responsible for the change in United states attitudes toward the island. • Platt Amendment (1903) Approved on May 22 1903 the Platt Amendment was a treaty between the U.S. and Cuba that attempted to protect Cuba's independence from foreign intervention