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Marine Science UH Hilo

Marine Science UH Hilo. Contributors:. Marta deMaintenon (compiler) Matt Barton Nancy Chaney John Coney Jon Bjornen Phil Lo Cicero. Unidentified amphipod

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Marine Science UH Hilo

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  1. Marine Science UH Hilo

  2. Contributors: Marta deMaintenon (compiler) Matt Barton Nancy Chaney John Coney Jon Bjornen Phil Lo Cicero

  3. Unidentified amphipod These are small and frequently seen in benthic samples. They are compressed laterally and tend to ‘bounce’. There are many different types. ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA

  4. Arctides regalis Holthuis, 1963 To about 18cm long. This is typically a deeper water lobster. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA SCYLLARIDEA

  5. Scyllarides squammosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) To about 40cm long. This large species is not often seen. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA SCYLLARIDEA

  6. Parribacusantarcticus(Lund, 1793) To about 16cm long. This small lobster is fairly common and well camouflaged. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA SCYLLARIDEA

  7. Panulirus penicillatus (Olivier, 1791) To about 40cm long. Recognizable by the striped legs. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA PALINURIDAE

  8. Lysmata amboinensis (De Man, 1888) Very enthusiastic cleaner shrimps, to ~6cm long. Photos by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA HIPPOLYTIDAE

  9. Saronmarmoratus(Olivier, 1811) Marble shrimps are nocturnal and so rarely seen. Males have very long front legs. To ~7cm long. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA HIPPOLYTIDAE

  10. Stenopushispidus(Olivier, 1812) Banded shrimps are commonly seen in pairs. Unmated animals are very aggressive toward each other, though their vision is not particularly good. To ~5cm long. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA STENOPODIDAE

  11. Stenopuspyrsonatus(Goy & Devaney, 1980) Similar to banded shrimps, but larger and with yellow claws. Frequently upside down under overhangs. To ~6cm long. Photos by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA STENOPODIDAE

  12. Gnathophyllumc.f. americanumGuérin-Méneville, 1856 Bumblebee shrimps are small, and common in shallow habitats under rocks, where they typically feed on echinoderm tube feet. Length to about 13 mm CRUSTACEA GNATHOPHYLLIDAE ARTHROPODA

  13. HymenocerapictaDana, 1852 These pretty shrimps mate permanently and eat sea stars, which they keep by holding them upside-down. To about 5 cm, females larger. The animal on the left is missing a claw. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA GNATHOPHYLLIDAE ARTHROPODA

  14. PericlemenessororNobili, 1904 These tiny shrimps live on cushion stars and are typically colored to match their star. They are considered commensals and are usually no more than about 1cm long. Photo by John Coney ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA PALAEMONIDAE

  15. Unknown shrimp This shrimp is about 1 cm long. It’s a gravid female, but missing an antenna and some legs. Found at Richardson’s, in about 1 m depth. Arthropoda CRUSTACEA

  16. Schizophroidahilensis(Rathbun, 1906) Carapace to about 12 mm long. This small crab was found in about 2 m depth. Decorator crabs are triangular in shape and tend to cover themselves with other organisms. Crustacea Majidae Arthropoda

  17. Unidentified decorator crab#2 Carapace about 2 mm long. This small crab was found while shaking rubble in about 6 feet depth; it has several species of algae growing on its carapace Crustacea Majidae Arthropoda

  18. Simocarcinus simplex Dana, 1852 Carapace about 3 mm long, and the species grows to about 2.5 cm long. They are typically brown or greenish, and don’t usually have much stuck to them. . Crustacea Majidae Arthropoda

  19. Unidentified crab Carapace about 3 mm wide. This little crab is flattened, with flat legs, short claws and a square carapace. It may be a juvenile. Crustacea Arthropoda

  20. Grapsustenuicrustatus(Herbst, 1783) These crabs are common on rocky shores above the waterline. Carapace to about 7.5 cm wide. Photo by Phil Lo Cicero Crustacea Grapsidae Arthropoda

  21. OcypodepallidulaJacquinot, 1852 Carapace to about 2.5 cm wide. Ghost crab live in holes in sandy beaches above the waterline. Photo by Phil Lo Cicero Ocypodidae Crustacea Arthropoda

  22. Liomerarugata(H. Milne Edwards, 1834) Carapace about 8 mm wide. This bright pink crab was a female with larvae; one of the newly hatched zoea is shown at left. Crustacea Xanthidae Arthropoda

  23. Polydectuscupulifer(Latreille, 1812) The teddy bear crab, as it’s called, is a small xanthid that carries an anemone on each claw. They are common under rocks and grow to about 2.5 cm carapace width Crustacea Xanthidae Arthropoda

  24. Unidentified xanthid crab Carapace about 2 mm wide. Xanthids can often be recognized by their (usually) black claws and relatively rock-like demeanor; if disturbed or handled they will typically fold up and wait it out. Crustacea Xanthidae Arthropoda

  25. Unidentified xanthid crab Carapace about 4 mm wide. This black and white xanthid was relatively aggressive, defending its algae blade from larger crabs. Crustacea Xanthidae Arthropoda

  26. Unidentified xanthid crab Carapace about 12 mm wide. Crustacea Xanthidae Arthropoda

  27. Crab sp. This little crab had a carapace about 2 mm wide. It is regrowing the left 4th leg. ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA

  28. Charybdis hawaiensis Edmondson, 1954 The striped eyes are diagnostic for this large swimming crab. Swimming crabs are known for being aggressive; if handled they will try to pinch and tend to hang on like bulldogs. Photo by John Coney ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA PORTUNIDAE

  29. Charybdis erythrodactyla (Lamarck, 1818) The blue markings and mottled eyes are diagnostic for this swimming crab. Size to ~15cm. The name refers to ‘red claws or fingers’. Photo by John Coney PORTUNIDAE CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA

  30. Gonioinfradens paucidentata (A. Milne Edwards, 1861) This swimming crab is red, with black eyes and claw tips. Size about 8cm. Photo by John Coney ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA PORTUNIDAE

  31. Lissocarcinus orbicularis (Dana, 1852) This little crab is a commensal species that lives singly or in pairs on large sea cucumbers. They tend to color to suit their host when they moult. Size to about 1.5 cm. Photo by Phil Lo Cicero ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA PORTUNIDAE

  32. Carpilius maculatus Linnaeus, 1758 This large, very heavy coral crab gets to about 15cm wide. They seem to favor a diet of crabs, urchins and molluscs, which they eat by crushing the shell. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA CARPILIIDAE

  33. Ranina ranina (Linnaeus, 1788) These are called ‘frog crabs’ because of the way they sit on their hindmost legs. Typically they dig backwards into sand when disturbed. They are fished, so are protected by law. Photos by John Coney ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA RANINIDAE

  34. Sponge Crab sp. This little crab has a tunicate on his carapace; it’s about 1 cm wide. DROMIIDAE ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA

  35. Sponge Crab sp. This crab has a sponge on its carapace. Photo by John Coney DROMIIDAE CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA

  36. Aniculus maximus Edmondson, 1952 This hermit found itself with a bit too much of a shell, though the species gets big enough to grow into a triton shell. They are yellow and very hairy, with bands overall. Photo by John Coney DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA

  37. Ciliopagurus strigatus (Herbst, 1804) Cone shell hermits are flat, with orange and red bands, and are not particularly hairy. Size ~2.5cm Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA DIOGENIDAE

  38. Calcinusc.f.elegans(H. Milne Edwards, 1836) To about 2 cm long. Legs are brown with orange bands, antennae are yellow and eye stalks blue. Claws are brown with white spots. Hawaiian populations have been shown to be genetically distinct from populations in other parts of the Pacific. Photo by Phil Lo Cicero ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE

  39. CalcinusguamensisWooster, 1982 Carapace about 5 mm long. This small hermit crab is white with black eyestalks and ‘knees’, and the antennae are orange. CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  40. CalcinushaigaeWooster, 1982 Carapace about 5 mm long. This small hermit crab has pinkish purple legs, and the antennae are blue and orange. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  41. Calcinuslatens(Randall, 1839) Carapace up to about 10 mm long. This common local crab is green, with the upper regions of the claws black with white dots, and purple striped bands near the tip of each leg. Eyes are black with white or blue spots CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  42. DardanussanguinocarpusDegener, 1925 Carapace up to about 20 mm long. A hairy crab with red and purple splotches on the legs. Eyes are black with yellow stalks. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA DIOGENIDAE

  43. Dardanusmegistos(Herbst, 1812) Crab up to about 30 cm long overall, usually found in triton shells. A large, hairy red crab with white spots and antennae. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA DIOGENIDAE

  44. Dardanusgemmatus(H. Milne Edwards, 1848) Crab up to about 5 cm long overall, pink with blue-green eyes and two species of anemones on its shell. Photo by John Coney CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  45. Dardanusdeformis(H. Milne Edwards, 1836) Crab up to about 5 cm long overall, light brown and cream with yellow eyes and banded legs. It harbors the same species of anemones as D. gemmatus. Photo by Phil Lo Cicero ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE

  46. Unidentified hermit #1 Carapace about 2-3 mm long. This crab is similar to Calcinushazletti, but may be a juvenile Clibanarius zebra. Found in high subtidal rubble. CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  47. Unidentified hermit #2 Carapace about 2 mm long. This crab is rather hairy, similar to some local Dardanus species. Found in high subtidal rubble CRUSTACEA DIOGENIDAE ARTHROPODA

  48. Leptochelia dubia (Krøyer)? This small crustacean was about 2 - 3 mm long. Tanaids are small benthic peracarid crustaceans commonly found in a wide variety of habitats. CRUSTACEA TANAIDAE ARTHROPODA

  49. This small isopod (?) was about 3 mm long. CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA

  50. This well camouflaged isopod from Laupahoehoe was about 1.5 mm long. CRUSTACEA ARTHROPODA

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