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DNA Fingerprinting

DNA Fingerprinting. Daniel Lim Lin Siqi Si Hongbo Wang Chengxu. Guideline. Definition of DNA Fingerprinting The techniques and methods When to use Problem with it Interesting Cases. Definition.

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DNA Fingerprinting

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  1. DNA Fingerprinting Daniel Lim Lin Siqi Si Hongbo Wang Chengxu

  2. Guideline • Definition of DNA Fingerprinting • The techniques and methods • When to use • Problem with it • Interesting Cases

  3. Definition • The process of comparing the nucleotide sequences of different DNAsamples to find out if the samples are from the same individual or not. • It was invented by Sir Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester in 1985.

  4. Techniques and Methods • RFLP Analysis • STR Analysis

  5. RFLP Analysis • Performing a Southern Blot • Making a Radioactive Probe • Creating a Hybridization Reaction • VNTRs (Variable Number Tandem Repeats)

  6. Performing a Southern Blot http://protist.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint/blot.gif

  7. Making a Radioactive Probe

  8. Creating a Hybridization Reaction

  9. VNTRs

  10. STR Analysis • Short Tandem Repeats • PCR Amplication • Electrophoresis

  11. When to use it? • Forensic evidence --- Criminal Identification • Parenthood disputes --- Paternity and Maternity Establishment

  12. Problem with it • Generate a high probability • Problems with this: • Population genetics • Technical difficulties

  13. Interesting Cases • In the 1920s, Anna Anderson claimed that she was Princess Anastasia Romanov of Russia; in the 1980s after her death, samples of her tissue that had been stored at a Charlottesville, Virginia hospital following a medical procedure were tested using DNA fingerprinting and showed that she bore no relation to the Romanovs.

  14. Interesting Cases • In 1987, British baker Colin Pitchfork was the first criminal caught using DNA fingerprinting in Leicester, the city where it was first discovered

  15. Interesting Cases • In 1994, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) detectives successfully tested hairs from a cat known as “Snowball”, and used the test to link a man to the murder of his wife, thus marking for the first time in forensic history the use of non-human DNA to identify a criminal.

  16. Q & A

  17. Bibliography • Campbell, N, A. Reece, J, B. Biology, Seventh Edition, 2005, Pearson. • Audesirk, T. Audesirk, G. Byers, B, E. Biology: Life on Earth, Seventh Edition, 2005, Pearson. • http://www.cartoonstock.com/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_fingerprinting • http://protist.biology.washington.edu/fingerprint

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