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Explore the reigns of Queen Elizabeth, James I, Charles I, Oliver Cromwell, Charles II, James II, and the transformative Glorious Revolution. Learn about the Stuart family, the divisions with Parliament, and the transition to a constitutional monarchy.
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Queen Elizabeth • Protestant • Died heirless, 1603 • James I took the throne • Stuart family
James I • Took the throne after Queen Elizabeth died • Rules Scotland for 20 years before taking the English throne • Protestant • Believed in the divine right of kings • Guy Fawkes attempted to assassinate him. • He spent unwisely, he used it on personal events like parties
Charles I • Divide between him and the parliament • Similar to James I, in the way he spent money • Wanted to get rid of the parliament • Illegal taxes, abused people’s liberties, court of star chamber etc. • Committed an act of treason, began a war against Scotland. • He was beheaded. • He was the monarch of the United Kingdom.
Lord Strafford • Entered the parliament • He was friend of Charles I • Gave advice on how to take money from the country • He advised to go to war • He also gets beheaded. • Charles I gives him up for extra money and support from the parliament
Oliver Cromwell • General of the parliament’s army (New model army ) • Dictator, Lord Protector, • Issued the blue laws: Banned dancing, drinking, gambling, Christmas, use and wear of make-up • Puritan • Hypocrite
Charles II • Restored the monarchy of England • Elected by parliament • Fun and happy ruler, got rid of the blue laws. • Catholic • Test Act: No Catholics can hold a position in parliament. Done by the parliament. • Believed in a absolute monarchy
James II • Openly Catholic • Gave out positions of high political authority to Catholics • Wanted to change the Church of England to Catholic. • Believed in the divine right of kings. • Started riots, used violence to stop it.
Mary of Orange / William of Orange • Daughter of James II • Both Protestant • Married to William of Orange, convinced William to dethrone James II • She becomes the next queen of England. He becomes the next king of England • Glorious Revolution • They sign the Bill of rights and England becomes a constitutional monarchy. • Fought a war against Ireland.