March 27

1. March 27 DO NOW: • Take out ISN • Label pg. 7: Figurative Lang. Practice & Original Poem • Label pg. 8: Notes

2. Introduction to Poetic Terminology

3. Definition of Poetry • Poetry - A type of writing that uses language to express imaginative and emotional qualities instead of or in addition to meaning. • Poetry may be written as individual poems or included in other written forms as in dramatic poetry, hymns, or song lyrics.

4. Literary Devices Used in Poetry

5. Figurative Language Figurative Language is the use of words outside of their literal or usual meaning to add beauty or force. It is characterized by the use of similes and metaphors.

6. Metaphor Metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another without the use of the words like, as, than, or resembles.

7. Example: Love is a rose.

8. Simile Simile is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as, than, or resembles. Example: My love is like a red, red rose. - Robert Burns

9. Onomatopoeia Onomatopoeia is the use of a word or words whose sound imitates its meaning. Examples: crackle, pop, fizz, click, chirp

10. Personification Personification is a special kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing is talked about as if it was human (given human characteristics).

11. Example: This poetry gets bored of being alone, It wants to go outdoors to chew on the wings, To fill its commas with the keels of rowboats…. -Hugo Margenat, from”Living Poetry”

12. Hyperbole Hyperboleis the use of exaggeration. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally. Example: This bag weighs a ton!

13. Alliteration Alliteration is the use of similar sounds at the beginning or end of a word. EX: Bouncing baby boy

14. Assonance - Assonance is the use of similar vowel sounds within a word. Example: stony, stormy, holy

15. Poetic Structures

16. Consonance Consonance is the use of repeating consonants without repeating vowels Example: back, luck, rock, stick

17. Assonance EX: In Public Enemy's 'Don't Believe The Hype': "Their pens and pads I snatch 'cause I've had it I'm not an addict, fiending for static I see their tape recorder and I grab it No, you can't have it back, silly rabbit".

18. Next… Write an original poem about either • Your favorite meal • Your favorite place • Include 5 different examples of figurative language

19. April 3 • DO NOW: • Take out ISN • Be ready for a warm-up

20. Warm-up Say the words “trapeze, above, support, hurray” aloud Think about… how are they all pronounced? What do they have in common?

21. ISN • 13: Rhymed Poem • 14: Poetry Structure Notes

22. Iambic Rhythm • These examples have an iambic rhythm (bah-BAH). • Trapeze (we say, “tra-PEZE”) • above (we say, "a-BOVE") • support (we say, "sup-PORT") • hurray (we say, "hur-RAY").

23. Iambic rhythm "His noisy snoring woke the neighbors' dog." Bah-BAH bah-BAH bah-BAH bah-BAH bah-BAH.

24. Rhythm • None of us talk like robots. • We give certain words and sounds more emphasis than others in a sentence, depending on a number of factors including the meaning of the words and our own personal speaking style.

25. Meter • Meter measures lines of poetry based on stressed and unstressed syllables. • When we speak, we put the stress on a certain part of each word. • For example, take the words "apple" and "fantastic."

26. Stressed and unstressed • When we say the word "apple," we stress the first syllable, the "ap" part. • We say "AP-ple," how not "ap-PLE." • When we say the word "fantastic," we stress the second syllable. • We say, "fan-TAS-tic," not "FAN-tas-tic" or "fan-tas-TIC."

27. Iambic Foot An iambic foot is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable .

28. Example: We could write the rhythm like this: da DUM (hur-RAY)

29. Meter Meter is the pattern of rhythm established for a verse.

30. Rhythm Rhythm is the actual sound that results from a line of poetry.

31. Iambic Pentameter Iambic Pentameter is a lineof poetry with five iambic feet in a row This is the most common meter in English poetry.

32. Example: We could write the rhythm like this: da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM We can notate this with a ˘ mark representing an unstressed syllable and a '/' mark representing a stressed syllable

33. Example Continued: The following line from John Keats' Ode to Autumn is a straightforward example: ˘/˘/˘/˘/ ˘ To swell the gourd, and plump the ha - zel / shells

34. Rhyme Rhyme is the placement of identical or similar sounds at the ends of lines or at predictable locations within lines.

35. Lines Poetry is separated into lines on a page. Lines may be based on the number of metrical feet, or may stress a rhyme pattern at the ends of lines.

36. Stanza Stanzas are groups of lines in a poem which are named by the number of lines included. • Two lines is a couplet. • Three lines is a triplet or tercet. • Four lines is a quatrain. • Five lines is a quintain or cinquain. • Six lines is a sestet. • Eight lines is an octet.

37. Couplet Couplet is two lines of a poem that are related by either rhyme or structure.

38. Rhyme Scheme Rhyme Scheme is the use of rhyme in a pattern as a structural element in a poem.

39. Rhyme schemes are described using letters that correspond to sets of rhymes. Example:Humpty Dumptysat on a wall, A Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; A All the king’s horses and all the king’s men, B Couldn’t put Humpty together again. B ------------------------------------------------- The rhyme scheme for this poem is: A A B B

40. Example Continued: A told B, A B told C, A “I’ll meet you at the top B of the coconut tree.” A “Whee!” said D A To E F G A “I’ll beat you to the top B of the coconut tree.” A Chicka chicka boom boom! C Will there be enough room? C Here comes H D Up the coconut tree A and I and J E and tagalong K, E All on their way E up the coconut tree. A -from Chicka, Chicka Boom Boom by Bill Martian Jr., and John Archambault --------------------------------------------- Rhyme scheme: A A B A A A B A C C D A E E E A

41. The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, (a)And sorry I could not travel both (b)And be one traveler, long I stood (a)And looked down one as far as I could (a)To where it bent in the undergrowth; (b)

42. Then took the other, as just as fair, (c)And having perhaps the better claim, (d)Because it was grassy and wanted wear, (c)Though as for that the passing there (c)Had worn them really about the same. (d)And both that morning equally lay (e)In leaves no step had trodden black .(f)Oh, I kept the first for another day! (e)Yet knowing how way leads on to way (e)I doubted if I should ever come back. (f)

43. I shall be telling this with a sigh (g)Somewhere ages and ages hence: (h)Two roads diverged in a wood, and I, (g)I took the one less traveled by, (g)And that has made all the difference. (h)

44. ISN processing • Write an original poem about something you enjoy • Choose one of the following rhyme schemes • ABAB • AABB • Your poem must be at least 3 stanzas

46. Poetic Forms

47. Blank Verse Blank Verse is poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

48. To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish'd. From Hamlet William Shakespeare Example:

49. Free Verse Free Verse is poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme.

50. Example: excerpt from Song of Myselfby Walt Whitman:I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loaf and invite my soul,I lean and loaf at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.