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The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the core component of a computer where all calculations and logic operations occur. It is responsible for data processing and consists of main parts: the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), and registers. The ALU performs micro-operations such as addition, subtraction, and shifting, while the CU supervises information transfer among registers and instructs the ALU on operations. Understanding these components is crucial for grasping computer architecture fundamentals.
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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT Written by: Gizem Gulsen
INTRODUCTION • The central processing unit is where all the calculations and logic operations take place. • CPU performs data-processing operations.
Main Parts of CPU • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) • Control Unit (CU) • Registers
Arithmetic Logic Unit • ALU performs the required microoperations(addition,subtraction,shifting,increment,decrement etc.) for executing the instructions. • Alu performs an operations and the result of the operation is transferred to a destination register.
Control Unit • The control unit(CU) supervises the transfer of information among the registers and instructs the ALU as to which operation to perform.
15 14 12 11 0 IR I OpCode Address Registers • A register is a group of flip-flops with each flip-flop capable of storing one bit of information.
Resources • Computer System Architecture M.Morris Mano • Computer Organization and ArchitectureWilliam Stallings
