Kinship, Family, and Marriage

Kinship, Family, and Marriage Part 1

Unit Learning Objectives • Differentiate between nuclear & extended families. • Distinguish between family orientation & family procreation. • Define and differentiate between kinds of descent groups and postmartial residence rules. • Differentiate between lineages an clans • Differentiate between genealogical kin types and kin terms. • Demonstrate your understanding of kinship diagrams through an activity.

Kinship (a.k.a) ‘Basic Building Block of Society’ • Basic principle of organizing individuals into social groups, roles, and categories • Considerable diversity observed across cultures

Terms of Unit • Descent: principle based on culturally recognized connections that define social categories to which people belong • Parent-child connection is central • Descent Group • Group based on belief in shared ancestry

Terms of Unit Unilineal Descent Patterns: • Matrilineal • Patrilineal

Terms of Unit • Bilateral Descent • Relatedness • 1. • Culturally variable

Marriage = Institution • As an institution: • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • 5.

Lineages & Clans • Lineage: • ______________ • Clans: • ________________ Common Theme in both: Apical ancestor

Ancestor – Why? • Social unity & identity of the members • ___________________________ • Apical ancestor in both lineages & clans • Apex of _______________ • Clan ancestors are commonly non-human  _____

Betsileo of Madagascar • Lineages & Clans • Demonstrated descent for more recent 8-10 generations; then stipulated

Kinship Distinctions • Responsible for all 7 listed on page 374 • We will discuss the following in lecture: • Generation • Affinity • Gender of linking relative

Kinship Distinctions • EGO = ______________________ • Generation • ______________________________________ • Affinity • Connection through ____________ • Ex: Matrilineal societies – mother’s sister & father’s sister

Kinship Distinctions • Gender of linking relative • Distinguishes _______________ • Cross cousins • ___________________________________ • Parallel cousins • ____________________________________

Descent Groups & Postmarital Residence Patterns • Where the majority of newly married couples reside after their marriage • Why study? Gives rise to various household and family forms • Cross-cultural research results: 6 common patterns

Common Forms • Patrilocal–_______________________________ • ~70% of all societies – predominant pattern • Matrilocal – ___________________________ • ~13% of all societies – predominant pattern

Common Forms • Ambilocal – ______________ • Bilocal – ____________________ • Neolocal – ___________________ • Avunculocal– couples live with the __________________________ Account for ~17% of all societies

Kinship, Family, and Marriage