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How are we going to de-carbonise heating of buildings?

How are we going to de-carbonise heating of buildings?. Important question because building heating is the largest use of end use energy. Two strategies considered in this presentation:

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How are we going to de-carbonise heating of buildings?

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  1. How are we going to de-carbonise heating of buildings? Important question because building heating is the largest use of end use energy Two strategies considered in this presentation: • Now - Elec plus house heat pumps with ccgt , long term wind to electric to house heat pump, ccgt as back up • Now - District Heat with ccgt as chp, long term wind to central heat pump to DH, ccgt chp as back up.

  2. Costs • The Elec route needs extra power cables since existing ones are not big enough if all houses in a city had electric heat pumps. Must be ASP but these don’t work well when it is cold • The DH route needs expensive DH mains to be laid. • Both need digging up the streets • Both need storage • Maybe insulation

  3. Heat stores are an integral part of CHP and DH –20 times cheaper than elec storage per unit energy stored 6 hour store in Odense - Inter-seasonal have been designed

  4. CHP is a heat pump, but with COP (Z) of 11.45 compared to HP with 2.8 if you’re lucky This Iron Diagram shows that Odense power station generates about 430 MW in electricity – only mode ( left axis) , and loses electrical output when 550 MW ( lower axis) of heat is produced as chp. Over the whole range, loss of 1 kWe of power creates 11.45 kWth of heat. A heat pump is much worse and only delivers about 2.8 kWth of heat, for the loss of 1 kWe of electricity.

  5. Chpdh can readily cope with intermittency: • Heat stores store and forward surplus wind energy • CHP can coast at lower load with any spinning reserve losses captured as useable heat • CHP can switch to elec only mode with instantaneous increase in power, and vice verse AND • CHPDH can utilise: solar, geothermal, industrial waste heat

  6. Today’s energy costs, 1 day storage, €20k of insulation gives a 1/3 reduction of heat energy, COPs 3 and 2.

  7. .

  8. Double today’s energy costs, 1 day storage, €20k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 3 and 2

  9. Triple today’s energy costs, 1 day storage, €20k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 3 and 2

  10. Double today’s energy costs, 1 day storage, €5k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 3 and 2

  11. Double today’s energy costs, 10 day storage, €5k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 3 and 2

  12. Double today’s energy costs, 10 day storage, €20k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 5 and 5

  13. Double today’s energy costs, 10 day storage, €20k for 1/3 off heat energy, COPs 5 and 5

  14. Food for thought! (Volunteer wanted to check spread sheet!)

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