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The New Deal Coalition: FDR's Second Term and Its Legacy

FDR's Second Term, marked by the strong support of the New Deal Coalition, transformed American politics. Millions, including African Americans, immigrants, and the poor, credited their livelihoods to FDR's New Deal programs. The 1936 election saw FDR win decisively against Alfred Landon, despite accusations against the New Deal. However, attempts to pack the Supreme Court were seen as a misstep, reflecting the challenges he faced. The New Deal reforms, including the National Housing Act and Fair Labor Standards Act, fostered economic security and changed the public's perception of government, though the Great Depression persisted until WWII.

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The New Deal Coalition: FDR's Second Term and Its Legacy

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  1. Unit V Chapter 23, Section 4 The New Deal Coalition (alliance, partnership, union, etc)

  2. FDR’s Second Term • 1936: Millions of voters, such as African Americans, immigrants, the poor, owed their jobs, saved bank accounts, etc. to FDR and the New Deal. • Election of 1936: • D- FDR • R- Alfred Landon (Gov. Kansas)-claimed the New Deal violated the American way. • FDR wins in a landslide, winning all but 2 states and 60% of the popular vote.

  3. FDR’s Second Term • Court Packing: • The Supreme Court (9 mostly Republican justices) opposed many of FDR’s proposals and agencies, claiming them unconstitutional. • FDR sends Congress a bill: if any justice had served 10 years and did not retire within 6 months after reaching the age of 70, the president could appoint another justice to the Court. • Court Packing plan was a political mistake as it threatened the separation of powers. • It was unsuccessful and was a rare mistake by FDR.

  4. Last New Deal Reforms • The National Housing Act: Gov’t loans $500 million to builders willing to buy blocks of slums to build cheap housing. • The Farm Security Administration: $1 billion loans over four years to farmers. • The Fair Labor Standards Act: ended child labor, established 40 hour workweek, protection for workers.

  5. Legacy of the New Deal • The New Deal did not end the Great Depression and was only slightly successful in assisting as unemployment was high until WWII. • However, the New Deal did give Americans a new sense of security. • People all across the country, from farmers to businessmen to homeowners now looked to government to protect them. • Finally, the New Deal brought about a new attitude towards government, as FDR’s programs created a safety net (safeguards and relief programs) against economic disaster.

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