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Matthieu COSNIER - Daniel QUENARD Direction Energie Environnement CSTB Grenoble

Matthieu COSNIER - Daniel QUENARD Direction Energie Environnement CSTB Grenoble. NZEB & EV for Energy Positive Communities. NZEB : Nearly Zero Energy Building EV : Electric Vehicle. Sustainable Places 01/10/2014. ADEME POLINOTEN Project : CEA, IFPEN, DAUPHINE,C STB. CONTENT. Context

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Matthieu COSNIER - Daniel QUENARD Direction Energie Environnement CSTB Grenoble

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  1. Matthieu COSNIER - Daniel QUENARD Direction Energie Environnement CSTB Grenoble NZEB & EV for Energy Positive Communities NZEB : Nearly Zero Energy Building EV : Electric Vehicle Sustainable Places 01/10/2014 ADEME POLINOTEN Project : CEA, IFPEN, DAUPHINE,CSTB

  2. CONTENT • Context • Simulation • Results • Prospective • Conclusion

  3. CO2 EMISSION - FRANCE CONTEXT Transportation + Buildings : 47 % GHG – 70 % Energy

  4. CO2 EMISSION - HOUSEHOLD 3 : FOOD 2 : HOUSING HOUSEHOLD PERSON 1 :TRANSPORTATION CARBON FOOTPRINT TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION HOUSING HOUSING FOOD FOOD Source : GREEN INSIDE – IPSOS - 2011

  5. … the household’s “energy burden” 1 : THERMAL REGULATION Heating, Cooling, DHW, Ventilation, Lighting & Pumps & Fans 50 kWh-PE/m².year 3 : MOBILITY ICE : 9800 kWh/year EV : 2600 kWh/year EV : 6700 kWh-PE/year ICE : 98 kWh/m².y. (100 m²) EV : 67 kWh-PE/m².y. (100 m²) Heating DHW 2 : APPLIANCES & ICT 2700 kWh/year 70 kWh-PE/m².year (Source ADEME) 4 : EMBODIED ENERGY Building only 50 kWh-PE/m².year (50 years) Missing ENR Appliances & ICT Transportation Source : PLAN BATIMENT GRENELLE -LA GARANTIE DE PERFORMANCE ENERGETIQUE

  6. Household’s Energy Expenditures (2006) FOOD ENERGY 2006 : 8,4 % (fuel poverty : 10%) 4,8 % Housing 3,6 % Transportation Total : 27381 €/year Energy : 2300 €/year Source : INSEE

  7. … the TECHNOLOGIES to meet the NEEDS ICE & BOILER Since 1850 Resource Depletion Climate Change Pollution & Health Impact REN HOME ? MOBILITY & COMFORT Source : Cardonnel

  8. Where are the cars ? CHARGING POINT STREET HOME WORK Source – GM-SAE Source : Projet KLEBER - Strasbourg France 18 Millions of Single Houses = 18 Millions of Charging Points ? PV and plug-in station at home PV and plug-in station at work PV and plug-in station at home & work • 2 Climates: North and South of France • 2 Commuting distances: 50 km and 16 km

  9. SIMULATION 3 scenario HOME WORK Charge at Night : 10pm-8am EV Battery used from 6pm-10pm Charge 10am-12am at Work : 14pm-17h30pm Every Day Travel : 50 km Round Trip - 16 km Round Trip + 100 km WE

  10. Hypothesis & Scenario PAGE 10

  11. Case Studies Scenario T : Trappes (North) – C : Carpentras (South) H : Home – W : Work

  12. TRNSYS software PAGE 12

  13. Priorities HOME WORK PV and plug-in station at home PV and plug-in station at work PV and plug-in station at home & work • 2 Climates: North and South of France • 2 Commuting distances: 50 km and 16 km

  14. Consumption/Production Profile (at home) SOC EV battery MAY Work to Home Home to Work Battery Charging SOC EV Battery PV Consumption - Grid

  15. Trappes 50km - PV- At Home RESULTS LOAD LOAD

  16. Trappes 50km PV-At Work LOAD LOAD

  17. Trappes 50km PV- H+W Capteurs Solaires / Batteries LOAD LOAD

  18. Carpentras 16km PV- H+W Capteurs Solaires / Batteries LOAD LOAD

  19. Trappes 50km Use of PV To the W grid To the W grid Use Use Use EV H To the H grid EV H EV W To the H grid EV W To the H grid

  20. Trappes 50 km Electricity sources for Appliances H Grid H Grid H Grid H PV H PV H PV EV EV

  21. Trappes 50km Sommaire EV Source H Grid H PV H PV W Grid H Grid W PV W PV

  22. Carpentras 16km Sommaire EV Source H Grid H Grid H PV H PV W PV W PV

  23. Building AutonomyEV Solar Charging % time EV Solar Charging % time Building Autonomy H + W H + W H + W H + W HOME HOME WORK WORK HOME HOME WORK WORK Trappes 50km Trappes 16km Carpentras 50km Carpentras 16km

  24. PROSPECTIVE Urban Density Newman & Kenworthy Curb US CITIES 50% of world population (60% in 2030) 75% of energy consumption 75% of GHG 60 % of water consumption Around 1% of the planet surface Source : SIEMENS AUSTRALIA OIL CONSUMPTION GJ EUROPE ASIA DENSITY capita per hectare

  25. … Energy Transition ? ENERGY CONSUMPTION MJ/hab.an 1 kWh = 3,6 MJ Newman-Kenworthy Curb « Fossil Resource's » Model ICE + Boilers NZEB + VE “solar” Model DENSITY hab./hectare Source : Dense cities in 2050: the energy option? R. Ménard – ECEEE - 2011

  26. Limitations / questions • One car, one home, one building … • Heating & DHW don’t take into account … • V2G, V2H, V2B ? • Battery cycling, cost ? • Consumption model for travelling ? • Charging point location ? • “energy gardening” & “grid discretion” ? • …

  27. CONCLUSION Incentives in US & Canada California Building Code

  28. Thankyou Questions ? Source : Hermes 1912

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