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Heat Diffusion in Basaltic lavas

This study explores heat diffusion in basaltic lavas, focusing on lava emplacement processes and the generation of cosmogenic isotopes. By analyzing lava flows in Kaua’i, Hawaii, the research examines the thermal properties of volcanic materials and their implications for soil formation and isotope development over time. Key findings reveal that concentrations of isotopes 3He and 21Ne decrease with depth, yielding insights into exposure durations, erosion rates, and the thermal history of lava flows. The investigation supports a deeper understanding of basaltic volcanism.

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Heat Diffusion in Basaltic lavas

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  1. Heat Diffusion in Basaltic lavas Andres Hernandez EPS 109

  2. Lava emplacement and cosmogenic isotope formation surface t=0 rising magma lava flow t=1 rest period n, ,µ cosmogenic isotope generation (preserved sunburn) soil formation t=2 second eruption second lava flow t=3 cosmogenic isotope generation (preserved sunburn) rest period t=4 soil formation

  3. Kaua’i, Hawaii Outcrop Photo Kōloa member lava (600,000 yrs) flow from a gravel quarry in Kaua’i, Hawaii. Schematic diagram of exposure dating for basalts. 3He and 21Ne concentrations decay exponentially with depth both to a background value at ~3m. Larger concentrations reflect longer periods of exposure and the shape of the curve shows possible erosion or soil formation rates. 3He and 21Ne Concentration Depth ~ 3m Flow 2 Soil formation between eruptions 3He and 21Ne Concentration Depth ~ 3m Flow 1

  4. Where are the gases trapped?

  5. 1D Heat diffusion Boundary Conditions Initial temperature of the lava T0 = 1200 C Temperature of the air and ground T_air = T_ground = 25 C

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