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Media policy for MA and PDMM

Media policy for MA and PDMM. We’ll address. What is policy & what’s its purpose?. 1. INTERNAL, EXTERNAL. Typical internal policy areas. Editorial issues: Independence, plagiarism, ethics. Business issues: Smoking, leave. Typical internal policy gaps. Editorial issues:

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Media policy for MA and PDMM

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  1. Media policy for MA and PDMM

  2. We’ll address • What is policy & what’s its purpose?

  3. 1.INTERNAL, EXTERNAL

  4. Typical internal policy areas • Editorial issues: • Independence, plagiarism, ethics. • Business issues: • Smoking, leave.

  5. Typical internal policy gaps • Editorial issues: • Covering poverty, environment, human rights. • Business issues: • training, BEE

  6. Typical external policy • Broadcasting: • sectors • local content • elections • psb • Convergence gap. • Qtn: how external is external? (Bridges, Panos, Reader 1).

  7. Some key external issues Adapted from Steyn: • Deregulation or re-regulation • Liberalisation • Corporatisation/commercialisation • Privatisation • Concentration laws

  8. More external issues in media policy • Public broadcaster • Freedom of expression • Diversity • Social/cultural issues: language, nationhood • Convergence

  9. Policy overflow & overlap • Crede and Mansell (p76), WEF: sectoral policies – + health, education, etc. media policy telecoms policy ICT policy industrial policy technology policy Berger: one policy or one philosophy? James: vertical, horizontal, macro …

  10. 2. DEFINITIONS

  11. What is policy, what’s it for? • How does policy differ from regulation, codes, laws? • Key assumptions & distinctions: • a framework, or a plan, or a law? • to guide, or direct, or govern? • informal or semiformal, or formal? • based on values/principles, norms or standards? • Is yr take weakormedium or strong?

  12. Think points • Your definition sheds light on the question: What’s the point of policy? • It locates policy in the sequence of: • Vision (& values, assumptions/givens) • Mission (and broad strategy) • POLICY (making choices in context) • Law • Regulations & codes • Practice

  13. 2. ANALYSIS BY QUESTIONS

  14. Classic journalists’ qtns applied to policy • What is it? • Who is involved in policy? • Where are they? • When are they involved? • How are they involved? • Why policy? • So what?

  15. What is it about? • Role of state in comms? • Media, broadcast, telecoms? • Standards – technical, cultural • Carriers, integration, connections • Control and ownerships • Content and language • Access: complaints, services • Degree of independence

  16. What is it in character? • Formal, or informal? • Legal or not? • Effective? • Measurable? • Reviewable?

  17. Who is involved in policy? • Who makes it? • govt, regulators, judges, consultants, owners, international organisations, directors, editors, managers, staff, civil soc, global professionals, men . .. (see Lichem) • Who is affected? • media, investors, sports groups, telecoms companies, citizens …

  18. Where is it? • Govt, presidency, parliament, party caucusses, hearings & enquiries, regulator, civil service, courts, media, golf courses, London, NY, Geneva. • Is it in the public sphere or not?

  19. When policy? • When made? • law-making, crises, social and technological changes, political pressures, court cases, global fashions, conferences … • political will and capacity • retrospective vs forward looking • When effected? • when power & bureaucracy active

  20. How policy? • Ad hoc, or planned process? • Role of values, vision, philosophy • Interests: articulated, aggregated • Role of info and research, • Participation or not? • Accountability & public opinion. • Budget and costs factor • How it is supposed to work: • “policy as hypothesis”

  21. Why policy? • Ans: framing power • to avoid or pre-empt problems. (Note: problems for who? How ID’d?) • to enable and empower for solutions • to prioritise & allocate resources • structure & promote economic life • balance conflicting interests • citizenship, education, nationalism.

  22. So what about policy? • Ans: to engineer • knowledge-gap: media-tool assumptions • media-scape, but “leakage”. • relates to law, regulation, practice. • implementation gap: issues of budgets, resources, capacity. • visionary stretch vs realistic trim? • policy overload problems.

  23. Golding: Policy focus INDUSTRY STRUCTURE MEDIA CONTENTS

  24. Golding: Policy ethos INDUSTRY STRUCTURE interventionist liberal MEDIA CONTENTS interventionist liberal

  25. Golding: Policy systems INDUSTRY STRUCTURE interventionist liberal MEDIA CONTENTS interventionist liberal

  26. Golding: Policy systems INDUSTRY STRUCTURE interventionist liberal MEDIA CONTENTS Note: label interventionist liberal

  27. Summing up • Internal – external • Definitions • Proper place of policy • What, who, where, when, how, why and so-what? • Policy on content, on industry structure • Interventionist vs liberal ethos, systems • Reading: Berger, Steyn.

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