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Understanding Moral Assessment of Human Acts: Voluntary vs. Involuntary Actions

This analysis explores the moral assessment of human acts, distinguishing between voluntary and involuntary actions. It examines how morality relates to true goodness and the uprightness of will, emphasizing the role of reason and intention in evaluating actions. The discussion delves into the concepts of moral virtue, vice, culpability, and the circumstances surrounding actions. By understanding these elements, we gain insight into what it means to act morally and how true freedom, virtue, and divine likeness are realized in human behavior.

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Understanding Moral Assessment of Human Acts: Voluntary vs. Involuntary Actions

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  1. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: In Accord with “True & Truly Good” by right reason & uprightness of will?

  2. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening-in-man”

  3. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening-in-man”

  4. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening-in-man” Morally Upright: Virtuous (in accord w/ True & Truly Good)

  5. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening-in-man” Morally Upright: Virtuous (in accord w/ True & Truly Good) Morally Deficient: Vicious; Objectively evil = malum

  6. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: Objective Assessment: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” Object:observable “what” the agent does VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening - in-man” Intention / End:“why,” internal goal / motive of agent in doing the “what” Morally Upright: Virtuous (in accord w/ True & Truly Good) Morally Deficient: Vicious; Objectively evil = malum Circumstance: “to whom, where, when, in what manner” the “what” is done

  7. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” Objective Assessment: Object: observable “what” the agent does VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening - in-man” Intention / End:“why,” internal goal / motive of agent in doing the “what” Morally Deficient: Vicious; Objectively evil = malum Circumstance: “to whom, where, when, in what manner” the “what” is done Morally Upright: Virtuous (in accord w/ True & Truly Good) Culpable: sufficient knowledge & intent / will = subjectivelyfully responsible:= culpa Not Culpable: lack sufficient knowing (of general precept or of specific circumstance) or strength of will: subjectivelynot fully responsible Enslavement

  8. Moral Assessment of Human Acts: ACTIONS, “DOINGS” Objective Assessment: Object: observable “what” the agent does VOLUNTARY: “Man-acts” Engage reason & will (heart) INVOLUNTARY: “Acts-happening - in-man” Intention / End:“why,” internal goal / motive of agent in doing the “what” Morally Deficient: Vicious; Objectively evil = malum Circumstance: “to whom, where, when, in what manner” the “what” is done Morally Upright: Virtuous (in accord w/ True & Truly Good) Full flowering of Freedom: God-likeness, holiness, divinization Culpable: sufficient knowledge & intent / will = subjectivelyfully responsible:= culpa Not Culpable: lack sufficient knowing (of general precept or of specific circumstance) or strength of will: subjectivelynot fully responsible Enslavement

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