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Ch 5f: The Skeletal System

Ch 5f: The Skeletal System. Structural Classification of Joints. Fibrous joints Generally immovable Cartilaginous joints Immovable or slightly moveable = amphiarthroses Synovial joints Freely moveable. Fibrous Joints. Bones united by fibrous tissue Examples Sutures of skull Syndesmoses

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Ch 5f: The Skeletal System

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  1. Ch 5f:The Skeletal System Hoban

  2. Structural Classification of Joints • Fibrous joints • Generally immovable • Cartilaginous joints • Immovable or slightly moveable = amphiarthroses • Synovial joints • Freely moveable Hoban

  3. Hoban

  4. Fibrous Joints • Bones united by fibrous tissue • Examples • Sutures of skull • Syndesmoses • Allows more movement than sutures • Example: distal end of tibia and fibula Figure 5.27a–b Hoban

  5. Fibrous Joints Hoban

  6. Fibrous Joint: Sutures Hoban

  7. Fibrous joint: Syndesmoses Hoban

  8. Cartilaginous Joints – amphiarthrotic (slightly moveable) • Bones connected by cartilage • Examples • Pubic symphysis • Intervertebral joints Figure 5.27d–e Hoban

  9. Cartilaginous Joints Hoban

  10. Cartilaginous Joint: Vertebrae Hoban

  11. Cartilaginous Joint: Pubic symphysis Hoban

  12. Synovial Joints • Articulating bones are separated by a joint cavity • Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity • Joints of limbs Figure 5.24f–h Hoban

  13. Synovial Joints Hoban

  14. Hoban

  15. Features of Synovial Joints • Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage) covers the ends of bones • Joint surfaces are enclosed by a fibrous articular capsule • Have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid • Ligaments reinforce the joint Hoban

  16. Synovial Joint: Elbow Hoban

  17. Synovial Joint: Hip Hoban

  18. Synovial Joint: Knee Hoban

  19. Synovial Joint: Shoulder Hoban

  20. Structures Associated with the Synovial Joint • Bursae – flattened fibrous sacs • Lined with synovial membranes • Filled with synovial fluid • Not actually part of the joint • Tendon sheath • Elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon Hoban

  21. The Synovial Joint Figure 5.28 Hoban

  22. Types of synovial joints based on shape • Shape of articulating bone determines movements • Plane • Flat surfaces • Gliding movements • Intercarpal joints of wrist Hoban

  23. Hinge • Cylindrical end of one with trough-shaped surface of 2nd • Movement in one plane • Elbow, ankle, phalanges • Pivot • Rounded end of one bone fits into sleeve of other • Rotate around axis • Proximal radioulnar joint, axis & atlas Hoban

  24. Figure 5.29a–c Hoban

  25. Condyloid • Egg shape of one fits into oval concavity of 2nd • Move back & forth but not rotate • Fingers • Saddle • Convex & concave areas form saddle • thumb Hoban

  26. Ball & socket • Sphere of one into socket of 2nd • Movement in all axes • Most freely moving • Shoulder & hip Hoban

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