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Mediterranean Woodlands and Shrublands

Discover the unique characteristics of the Mediterranean woodlands and shrublands found globally but Antarctica. With a moist and cool climate in fall, winter, and spring, these regions face hot, dry summers leading to frequent fires. The soils exhibit low to moderate fertility, prone to erosion after fires but can be managed sustainably. Featuring diverse plant and animal species with adaptations to drought, like thick-barked trees and oil-rich shrubs. Human impact includes low-intensity cultivation and sustainable practices in areas like Spain and Portugal. Explore more at worldwildlife.org and in "Ecology: Concepts and Applications."

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Mediterranean Woodlands and Shrublands

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  1. Mediterranean Woodlands and Shrublands By Chris Berg

  2. Geography • Occur on all of the continents but Antarctica. • The largest areas of woodlands and shrublands are found around the Mediterranean and on North America’s Pacific coast. • Climate conditions between 30° and 40° latitude allow for the biome to grow.

  3. Climate • Climate is moist and cool during the fall, winter, and spring. • During the summer, the biome is usually hot and dry. • Frequent fires occur during summer because of dryness and dense vegetation.

  4. Soils • Low to moderate fertility. • Soil erosion can be severe after fires. • With proper human management, soils can maintain their fertility.

  5. Biology • Highly diverse populations of plants and animals, both having adaptations to drought. • Thick-barked trees – fire resistant • Shrubs rich in oils • Birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects • Many endemic and endangered species in birds and reptiles

  6. Human Impact • Low-intensity cultivation with long-term sustainability. • Open oak woodlands in Spain and Portugal – harvesting cork, acorns for livestock. • Fires to clear forests for agriculture.

  7. References • www.worldwildlife.org • Ecology: Concepts and Applications Fifth Edition

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