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Pre-Civil War Reformers 1820 - 1860

Pre-Civil War Reformers 1820 - 1860. Charles Grandison Finney. Famous Preacher Figure in the Second Great Awakening & Revival Movement. Joseph Smith and Brigham Young. Mormon leaders Led followers west to escape persecution Settled near Great Salt Lake Utah. Dorothea Dix.

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Pre-Civil War Reformers 1820 - 1860

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  1. Pre-Civil War Reformers 1820 - 1860

  2. Charles Grandison Finney • Famous Preacher • Figure in the Second Great Awakening & Revival Movement

  3. Joseph Smith and Brigham Young • Mormon leaders • Led followers west to escape persecution • Settled near Great Salt Lake Utah

  4. Dorothea Dix • Prison reformer • Promoted hospitals for mentally ill (rather than using prisons)

  5. Horace Mann • Educational reformer • promoted public schools and teacher training programs

  6. Reverend Lyman Beecher • Leader in the Temperance Movement • Little or no use of alcohol

  7. Emily Dickinson • Poetry reflects loneliness • Not publicly recognized during her lifetime

  8. William Lloyd Garrison • White abolitionist leader • Published “The Liberator”

  9. Frederick Douglass • Black abolitionist leader • Published “The North Star”

  10. Sojourner Truth • Former slave • Abolitionist and Women’s Rights activist

  11. Nat Turner • Led unsuccessful slave revolt in 1831 • Strengthened Southern support to defend slavery

  12. Harriet Tubman • Former slave • Famous conductor in Underground Railroad • Abolitionist public speaker

  13. Harriet Beecher Stowe • wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Book’s impact was one of the causes of the Civil War

  14. Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Leader at Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 • Co-wrote “The Declaration of Sentiments”

  15. Lucretia Mott • Leader at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 • Co-wrote “The Declaration of Sentiments”

  16. Elizabeth Blackwell • 1st female doctor in United States • Opened her own clinic

  17. Margaret Fuller • Advocated that women could have opinions outside the Cult of Domesticity • Advocated for birth control

  18. Samuel F.B. Morse • Inventor of telegraph and Morse Code • Improved communication and commerce

  19. Elias Howe and I.M. Singer • Invented sewing machine with foot treadle • Reduced time needed to make shoes and clothes

  20. John Deere • Invented steel plow • Reduced time needed to plant • Opened up more land for farming

  21. Cyrus McCormick • Invented mechanical reaper • Reduced time required for harvest • Made larger farms possible

  22. Robert Fulton • Advanced the design of the steamboat • Led to improvements in transportation and commerce

  23. Charles Goodyear • Invented vulcanized rubber • Does not freeze or melt at extreme temperatures

  24. James Fenimore Cooper • First major American novelist • Wrote about frontier life/adventures • The Last of the Mohicans

  25. Washington Irving • Father of the American short story • “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

  26. Edger Allen Poe • Father of American Mystery writers • Known for horror stories • “The Tell Tale Heart”

  27. Nathaniel Hawthorne • American author • Wrote “The Scarlett Letter”

  28. Herman Melville • American author famous for novels of the sea • Wrote Moby Dick

  29. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow • American poet • Known for Mother Goose Nursery Rhymes • Wrote “The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere”

  30. Ralph Waldo Emerson • Chief spokesperson for Transcendentalism (reaction against the scientific rationalism) • wrote Walden Pond

  31. Peter Cooper • 1st American Steam locomotive (1830)

  32. Henry David Thoreau • Protested the Mexican War by refusing to pay his taxes • Wrote Duty of Civil Disobedience • "That government is best which governs least"

  33. Walt Whitman • Father of “free verse” in poetry • Wrote openly about death, sexuality, and equality of races • Famous work: Leaves of Grass

  34. John James Audubon • -published Birds of America, an art book showing North American birds • Promoted the preservation of nature Photo of White Gyrfalcons

  35. George Catlin • Documented tribal life of Native Americans White Cloud, Chief of the Iowas

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