1 / 19

Metabola riskfaktorer vid barnfetma

Metabola riskfaktorer vid barnfetma. Carl-Erik Flodmark Barnöverviktsenheten Region Skåne Boris 25 november 2010. LDL particle. Lipiders funktion. Triglycerider Huvudenergikällan för celler Kolesterol Cell tillväxt Cell delning Membran reparation Steroid hormon produktion

Download Presentation

Metabola riskfaktorer vid barnfetma

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Metabola riskfaktorer vid barnfetma Carl-Erik Flodmark Barnöverviktsenheten Region Skåne Boris 25 november 2010

  2. LDL particle

  3. Lipiders funktion • Triglycerider • Huvudenergikällan för celler • Kolesterol • Cell tillväxt • Cell delning • Membran reparation • Steroid hormon produktion • Lipider • Transporerar fettlösliga vitaminer

  4. Lipoprotein nomenklatur och sammansättning CM VLDL IDL LDL HDL Huvud apoB apoB apoB apoB apoA-I protein Huvud TG TG CE CE CE lipid CM= chylomicron TG=triglycerid VLDL= very low density lipoprotein CE= cholesteol ester IDL= intermediate density lipoprotein LDL= low density lipoprotein HDL= high density lipoprotein Apo = apolipoprotein Efter Trudy M Forte

  5. The deposition of lipids

  6. Lipidrubbningar vid fetma • Familjär hyperkolesterolemia – separat arv • Familjär kombinerad hyperlipidemi • Höga TG/låga HDL kolesterol fenotyp kopplat till fetma? • Feta barn har högra apo B och lägre apo A-I B kvot • Midjeomfånget har en positiv korrelation till apo B och negativt till HDL kolesterol

  7. Screening för lipidrubbningar • Familjär hyperkolesterolemi vid fetma? • 1/500 i normalbefolkningen • Ej allmän screening • Vänta på infarkten – 60% dödlighet • För dyrt behandla alla med läkemedel • Behandling • Pravastatin från 8 år? • Genetisk verifiering? • Hereditet eller ej?

  8. Lipider: Kolesterol HDL-kolesterol LDL-kolesterol TG LDL/HDL kolesterol kvot Utvidgad Apo AI och apo B Övrigt: ASAT ALAT GT ALP Bilirubin Bilirubin konjug. TSH C-peptid Insulin Glukos Screening vid fetma Södra sjv regionen

  9. Tolkning av lipidmönster • Familjär Hyperkolesterolemi (FH) • LDL-kolesterol ≥ 4,2 (behandling) + prover på föräldrar • Familjär kombinerad hyperlipidemi (FCH) • LDL-kolesterol ≥3,4 utökat lipidstatus på barn och föräldrar • HDL TG HDL<0,91 TG > 1,5 (>1,2 vid 2-9 års ålder) • Info per brev om livsstilsförändring (ökad fysisk aktivitet). Ingen ytterligare uppföljning • För lågt HDL (<0,91) krävs även att LDL/HDL kvoten ≥ 3,0-4,0 • TG TG> 1,5 (>1,2 vid 2-9 års ålder) • Info per brev om livsstilsförändring. Ingen ytterligare uppföljning • Ref: (Courtney and Janssen 2006) Se: http://circ.ahajournals.org • Se www.bravikt.info

  10. Konsensus om insulin resistens hos barn • Insulin Resistance in Children: Consensus, Perspective and Future Directions • Claire Levy-Marchal, Silva Arslanian, Wayne Cutfield, Alan Sinaiko, Celine Druet, Loredana Marcovecchio, Francesco Chiarelli, on behalf of ESPE-LWPES-ISPAD-APPES-APEG-SLEP-JSPE and the Insulin Resistance in Children Consensus Conference Group • J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Sep 8

  11. Slutsatser • Inga klara kriterier för att definiera insulinresistens hos barn • Surrogatmått såsom faste insulin är dåliga mått på insulin sensitivitet • Inget stöd för att screena barn för resistens • Livsstilsintervention rörande kost och rörelse kan förbättra insulin sensitiviteten medan läkemedel endast rekommenderas i särskilda fall

  12. Definitioner och bakgrund • Insulin resistens är kopplat till fetma och kardiometabol risk hos barn • 1. Insulin resistance refers to reduced whole body glucose uptake (LOE A; mostly inadults) • 2. Insulin resistance is a continuum (LOE A in adults) • 3. Insulin resistance is commonly associated with obesity (LOE A in adults and children) • 4. One of the consequences of insulin resistance is chronic compensatory hyperinsulinemia (LOE A in adults, B in children) • 5. Standards for insulin resistance in children, with definitions for normal and abnormal levels, are non-existent. (LOE C in children)

  13. Metoder • 6. The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp is the “gold standard” for measuring insulin sensitivity; the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) and steady state plasma glucose (SSPG) methods are also valid measurements (LOE A in adults, C in children) • 7. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) do not offer any advantages over fasting insulin in euglycemic children. (LOE A in adults, B in children) • 8. Fasting insulin is a poor measure of whole body insulin sensitivity in an individual child. (LOE A)

  14. Screening och risk faktorer • 9. Based on current screening criteria and methodology, there is no justification forscreening children for insulin resistance, including obese children. (LOE A) • 16. Insulin Resistance is a risk factor for pre-diabetes and T2D in childhood (LOE B)

  15. Treatment • 18. Weight loss through diet or drug treatment improves insulin sensitivity in adolescents. Diet and weight loss drugs improve insulin sensitivity throughweight loss and other mechanisms. (LOE B) • 19. Exercise and fitness improve insulin sensitivity through weight loss and also mechanisms independent of weight loss in adolescents. (LOE A) • 21. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity in adolescence (LOE B)

  16. Prevention • 22. Maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, smoking in pregnancy and maternal undernutrition should be targeted to lessen obesity and insulin resistance in children (LOE A) • 23. Breastfeeding should be promoted through public health interventions as a contributing factor to reduce the prevalence of obesity and potentially insulin resistance later in life. In addition, ongoing dietary advice starting from weaning has the potential to prevent insulin resistance in the long-term. (LOE B) • 24. Identification of infants and preschool children at risk for obesity combined with intervention programs to prevent excessive weight gain should be developed and evaluated. Physical activity as a means of increasing insulin sensitivity is an important component of any intervention. (LOE B)

  17. Leversjukdom vid barnfetma • NASH • Non-alcohol steato-hepatitis • NAFL • Non-alcohol fatty liver disease • Ökad risk för levercirros och levercancer

  18. Utredning

  19. Tack! E-mail: carl-erik.flodmark@med.lu.se www.bravikt.info

More Related