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Quality, Quality Control

Quality, Quality Control. Lee Buddress, Ph,D ., C.P.M. Robert G. Gleason Professor and Director Supply and Logistics Program Portland State University. Control Charts. Processes Have Natural Variation Fundamental Question: Natural Variation or Process Change?

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Quality, Quality Control

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  1. Quality, Quality Control Lee Buddress, Ph,D., C.P.M. Robert G. Gleason Professor and Director Supply and Logistics Program Portland State University

  2. Control Charts • Processes Have Natural Variation • Fundamental Question: • Natural Variation or Process Change? • That is what Statistical Process Control is All About • Key Assumptions: • Sample is RANDOMLY selected • Defects are randomly distributed throughout the lot • Cautionary Note: Works Best for High Volume, Repetitive Tasks

  3. Sampling • For Defects (What is Quality of Lot?) • For Conformance to Specification (No More Than X% Defective)

  4. Control Chart Types • Attribute Charts (things counted) • P-chart: Proportion Defective • C-chart: Number of Defects • Focus is on PRODUCT output • Variable Charts • X-chart: Sample Means • R-chart: Range Means • Focus in on PROCESS, itself

  5. Control Chart Exercise

  6. Control Chart Problem Indicators • One Data Point Outside Control Limit • Two Data Points in Zone Three • Five Consecutive Data Points on One Side of the Mean • Trend - Five Successive Points in a Trend • Erratic Behavior • Sudden Change in Behavior

  7. Check Sheet

  8. Pareto Analysis • A Prioritization Tool • Law of Diminishing Returns

  9. 5 ‘M’s (+) • Ishikawa Diagrams (Fishbone) • Man • Machine • Method • Materials • Maintenance • Environment

  10. Why-Why • Goal is to Get Past Symptoms to Underlying Cause • Ask Why Until No Further Useful Information is Forthcoming

  11. Quality and Supply Chains • Customer Requirements • Specifications • Supplier Selection • Process Capability • Quality Evaluation • First Article Inspection • Defect Detection • Defect Prevention

  12. Quality and Supply Chains • Supplier Certification • ISO 9000 • Incoming Receiving • Legal Requirements for Inspection • Latent Defects • Learning Curves

  13. Total Quality Management • TQM Principles • Know/Understand Customers and Requirements • Satisfy/Delight Customers • Continuous Improvement Elements of TQM • Process Identification • Process Mapping • Process Simplification • Process Controls • Track - Monitor • Continuous Improvement

  14. Standardization • Internal • Processes • Materials • Equipment • External • Industry Standards (Materials) • Industrial Standardization (SAE) • Multi-Industry (ANSI, ASTM) • International (ISO, Metrics)

  15. Standardization • Industry Standards • Company Standardization • Impacts on Inventory • Impacts on Purchasing • Impacts on Maintenance and Repair • Impacts on Quality • Implementation

  16. Standardization & Quality • Quality and Multiple Sourcing • Standardization = Known Characteristics • Supplier Certification • Why is it so important to get it right the first time? • Manufacturing • All Other Processes

  17. Questions, Comments, Observations, Conclusions, Arguments?

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