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Digitized Mine - Information Anywhere & Anytime

This mining engineering course focuses on improving communication, safety, and operations in mines using modern IT technology. Topics covered include cellular technology, WiFi, digital maps, monitoring systems, and underground wireless networks.

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Digitized Mine - Information Anywhere & Anytime

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  1. Mining Engineer for the Year 2015 (Digitized Mine – Information Anywhere & Anytime) M. Khuddus (A Mining Engineer & an IT/Telecom Specialist) ("Walk Into The Mine With Your Smartphone - Talking") Internet Base Station on surface Base Station on surface Central Switch Workers working near the face of U/G mine – 100-300 meters below surface Workers working near the face of U/G mine – 100-300 meters below surface Wi Fi Access Points inside mine

  2. Problem – Trigger • Mining Accident in 2003 (Godavari Khani – Telangana, India) – 17 miners died due to inundation in a coal mine • High Court Justice investigated the causes, and remedies • Limitation on communication, information update, monitoring and prompt action • Presence of water-bodies, dangerous gases, roof instability, etc.

  3. Objectives Prepare the Mining Engineer for the future Improve communication using available Cellular Technology and WiFi (Conventional - Cost Effective, Growth Oriented) To increase safety using modern IT technology Digital maps of the mine with current working faces, locations of critical spots (water bodies, unstable roof, gas limits) Operations Control Centers Monitoring the alarms Information availability to all levels, anytime, anyplace

  4. Simple Picture of Leaky Cable in U/G

  5. Distributed Antenna Systems – Mimic a Similar Set Up for Underground Layout Campus Distribution In Building Services Cellular Back Haul

  6. DAS –Set Up – Modify for a mine Assume – this is the mine Courtesy : Jack Daniel Company

  7. DAS –Set Up – Modify for a Mine Courtesy : Jack Daniel Company

  8. DAS –Set Up – For a Mine-Floor Courtesy : Jack Daniel Company

  9. Integrating Voice, Data and RFID

  10. Advanced Heterogeneous Hybrid Wireless Network

  11. 21/02/2013 DAS for Euro Tunnel – 40 Mts Below Surface

  12. Concept I – 3G/4G Install an RF Repeater, Pick-Up Signal from the nearest Serving Site(of the Preferred operator) at the mine surface Use Passive (Non Electrical) 3G/4G RF Signal Extension into the Mine, through a Shaft or an Incline Run an RF Cable from repeater, can be extended(100mtrs-200mtrs), through the Shaft/Incline Install an Omni antenna (Passive – non Electrical) at the Shaft Bottom, terminate RF Repeater Cable RF Signal will be available for call testing

  13. Concept I – 3G/4G 2G/3G/4G Service RF Repeater surface Shaft RF ½” Cable Shaft way Mine RF Omni antenna

  14. Concept II – ADSL/WiFi • Use existing broadband at the Mine Office, shaft or a central location through ADSL, an Access Point can be setup using WLAN (Wireless LAN). • A WLAN range extender can be used for extending the LAN to the areas where workers are currently working, LoS; the number of APs depend on the areas that need coverage. • Each miner can be provided with a dedicated application (post Pilot Trial and DGMS Approval) which does the following. • Periodic reporting of the location using the ID of AP • Allows the miner to report his statistics to a centralized database • Communicate with fellow miners or with Surface Staff

  15. Concept II – ADSL/WiFi AP2 AP1

  16. Pilot Trial A Pilot Trial can be conducted to validate the Signal Flow from the surface to the U/G Mine, for both methodologies Existing market available Smart Phones could be used for the trial Company Wireless Service Provider (e.g. RailTel or BSNL) to assist in this Trial 

  17. Final System Plan Design Custom Made Mobile Phones for Underground Mines (Mining Environmentally Safe - robust cover, water proof, dust proof) Evaluate DGMS Regulations for each product introduced for Electrical Characteristics (Mostly Intrinsically Safe) Apply for DGMS Approval of the Products Provide special Mobile Applications for the mines, for disaster management, event management, Mobile WiFi Calling Demonstrate Operations Management, using Communication technology and OS Software. 

  18. Mines Regulations Aspects • CENTRAL ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY (MEASURES RELATING TO SAFETY AND ELECTRIC SUPPLY) REGULATIONS, 2010 • Much below the Intrinsically Safe Limits of 30V or less (Ref: CEA 102 - 2010) • "intrinsically safe" as applied to apparatus or associated circuits shall denote that say sparking that may occur in normal working, is incapable of causing explosion of inflammable gas or vapour.

  19. NMS – Network Management for Mine (1) Underground Mine

  20. NMS – Network Management for Mine (2) Mine Control Center (GDK-1) Mine 1 District-1: Unstable Roof District-2: Water pumping OLD WATER BODY District-3: Work in progress

  21. NMS – Network Management for Mine (3) Regional Control Center (GodavariKhani) Mine 2 Mine 1 Mine 3 Section 6 Section 5 Section 8 Mine 5 Mine 6 Mine 4

  22. NMS – Network Management for Mine (4) RCC-1 (GDK) RCC-2 (KTDM) National Control Center NCC RCC-4 (MNC) RCC-3 (MDM) RCC-5 (YLND) RCC-7 (MNC) RCC-6 (RMK)

  23. Course Recommendations ICT Introduction – Communication Network, Data Network, Communication Protocols, LAN, WAN, Overview of various Cellular Networks (2G/3G/4G), WiFi networks ICT Advanced – Database Management, Operations Systems, Network Management Overview, Network Operating Center (NOC), Introduction to ALARMS, ASSERTS, WARNINGS etc. on a NOC

  24. Acknowledgements • Special Thanks to my seniors, friends and well wishers: • Shri KV Rama Krishna – Sr Manager (ex Motorola) – WiFi Support • Shri Shaik Ahmed – Sr. RF Engineer – Ericcson • Shri DN Prasad – Ministry of Energy, New Delhi – Ideas, inputs • Shri B. Bhaskar Rao – Support at the mine level, trials, ideas, inputs, reviews • Shri Chandrasekhar – GM Adriyala Mine – for Pilot Trial • Shri Vijay Kumar – DGMS – for help with the Mines Regulations

  25. Thank You

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