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Semantic Technologies and Application to Climate Data

M. Benno Blumenthal IRI/Columbia University CDW 2011-03-30/04-01. Semantic Technologies and Application to Climate Data. RDF: single framework for writing multiple systems. Triplets of Subject Property (or Predicate) Object URI’s identify things, i.e. most of the above

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Semantic Technologies and Application to Climate Data

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  1. M. Benno Blumenthal IRI/Columbia University CDW 2011-03-30/04-01 Semantic Technologies and Application to Climate Data

  2. RDF: single framework for writing multiple systems Triplets of • Subject • Property (or Predicate) • Object URI’s identify things, i.e. most of the above Namespaces are used as a convenient shorthand for the URIs Inferred triples (RDFS, OWL, rules) {WOA} dc:title “World Ocean Atlas” {WOA} iridl:hasPart {Monthly} {dc:title} rdfs:isDefinedBy {dc:}

  3. blind monks examining an elephant Multiple partial representations of objects described by data John Godfrey Saxe (1816-1887)

  4. Standard Metadata Standard Metadata Schema/Data Services Datasets Tools Users

  5. RDF RDF StandardMetadataSchema StandardMetadataSchema RDF RDF RDF Datasets RDF Datasets Tools Tools Users Users RDF RDF RDF StandardMetadataSchema StandardMetadataSchem StandardMetadataSchema RDF RDF RDF RDF Datasets RDF RDF Datasets Datasets Tools Tools Tools Users Users Users RDF Data Model Exchange Standard metadata schema RDF

  6. Models, Crosswalks, and Objects Structure of the RDF information that we are using to represent data objects in multiple frameworks (see full figure)

  7. Data Server leads to URI IRI data library is a pure REST interface, so that there is a URL for everything: dataset, variable, series of analysis filters on variables, image, datafile. RDF can thus be used to annotate everything.

  8. Specialized Data Tools Maproom Generalized Data Tools Data Language Data Viewer Dataset • Dataset • Dataset • Variable • ivar • ivar multidimensional IRI Data Collection IRI Data Library Overview URL/URI for data, calculations, figs, etc

  9. spreadsheets GRIB netCDF images binary shapefiles Database Tables queries Servers OpenDAP THREDDS images w/proj IRI Data Collection Dataset • Dataset • Dataset • Variable • ivar • ivar images graphics descriptive and navigational pages Calculations “virtual variables” Clients OpenDAP THREDDS Data Files netcdf binary images OpenGIS WMS/WCS KML Tables IRI Data Collection

  10. Dataset Objects

  11. Crosswalk to Faceted Search

  12. Faceted Search http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/ontologies/query2.pl?...

  13. Crosswalk to DIF-CD Records

  14. Sample DIF-CD <DIF> <Entry_ID>IRIDL_ENSO_Climate_Impacts_ENSO_PRCP_Prob_Australia</Entry_ID> <Entry_Title>ENSO Climate Impacts ENSO PRCP Prob Australia</Entry_Title> <Data_Set_Citation> <Dataset_Title>ENSO Climate Impacts ENSO PRCP Prob Australia</Dataset_Title> <Online_Resource> http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/maproom/.ENSO/.Climate_Impacts/.ENSO_PRCP_Prob/index.html?map.lon.plotfirst=100&map.lon.plotlast=180&map.lat.plotfirst=-55&map.lat.plotlast=0&map.lat.units=degree_north&map.lon.units=degree_east </Online_Resource> </Data_Set_Citation> <Parameters> <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category> <Topic>ATMOSPHERE</Topic> <Term>PRECIPITATION</Term> <Variable_Level_1>PRECIPITATION RATE</Variable_Level_1> </Parameters>

  15. XML Schema to Owl Translation Based on existing software, but extended • Bi-directional, enough information is preserved to generate conforming XML documents (a Java class extracts XML elements from a triple store) • Structure is in the schema information, not the instance • Fixed xslt converts instance files to RDF

  16. XML Schema to Owl Translation XML Schema – instance translation is essentially an alternate RDF/XML representation where only the properties are nested • A standard XML file has all blank-node entities • XML schema with rdf:about/rdf:resource can have uri entities makes sense that the instance file does not explicitly type all the elements.

  17. IRI RDF Architecture Data Servers MMI Ontologies JPL bibliography Start Point Standards Organizations RDF/XML-Schema Crawler XSLT/GRDDL ingest Location Canonicalizer XML Schema to OWL translation Owl Semantics SWRL Rules SeRQL CONSTRUCT Time Canonicalizer Sesame Search Queries Search Interface

  18. SSWAP Simple Semantic Web Architecture and Protocol A way of providing a service that semantically describes its domain and range to advertise it. To invoke it, both domain and range are restricted. Traditionally we specify of chain of processing steps, and provenance documents that effort. SSWAP specifies an object by constraining it – you could specify its provenance to get it “traditionally”, or some other quality.

  19. Multiplicity of Data Representations RDF provides a unifying framework to simultaneous hold and deliver dataset metadata according to multiple standards Models, Crosswalks, and Objectsorganizes that framework clarifying the semantic distance spanned bidirectional XML Schema to OWL translationenables delivery of inferred metadata to existing XML-based systems Persistence with inference/transformis the underlying technology Semantic Service Frameworkcould extend this framework to semantically-informed workflow generation

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