1 / 77

Understanding Animal Genetics: Natural and Artificial Selection in Breeding

Animal genetics involves the study of heredity and the influence of both natural and artificial selection on an organism's traits. Natural selection allows organisms to survive and reproduce based on their genetic makeup, while artificial selection is human-directed breeding to enhance specific traits. The interplay between heredity and environmental conditions shapes an animal's performance and adaptability. Understanding heritability helps gauge the impact of genetics on traits, enabling better breeding practices. Key examples include various cattle, sheep, and swine breeds, emphasizing purebreds and their ancestry.

wynter-barton
Download Presentation

Understanding Animal Genetics: Natural and Artificial Selection in Breeding

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Animal Genetics

  2. Natural Selection • an organisms ability to SURVIVE and pass on its GENETIC information to its offspring.

  3. Artificial Selection • HUMAN control over organisms passing on their GENETIC information.

  4. Heredity • the POTENTIAL an organism has to show certain TRAITS due to its GENETIC information

  5. Environment • the EXTERNAL conditions that affect the traits and PERFORMANCE of an animal

  6. Environment vs. Heredity • An organism's traits and performance are a sum total of its ENVIRONMENT acting upon its GENETIC information.

  7. Environment vs. Heredity • Some TRAITS are influenced more by an organism's ENVIRONMENT than by its GENETICS, while others are influenced more by genetics.

  8. Heritability • The percentage that a trait is affected by its genetic information is called HERITABILITY. • A heritability factor of 0.0 means that a trait is influenced very little by genetic information • A heritability factor of 1.0 means that a trait is influenced very little by the environment.

  9. Examples of Heritability • Birth Weight = .40 • Weaning Weight = .30 • Multiple Births = 0.0 - 0.10 • Dressing Percentage = .60

  10. Adaptability • The ability of a BREED to become SUITABLE to specific environmental conditions

  11. Type • a group of ANIMALS that are grouped together according to the PRODUCTS they produce • Examples -- Beef type cattle, Dairy type cattle, Wool type sheep, Mutton type sheep

  12. Species • a group of ORGANISMS that have several common CHARACTERISTICS that differentiate them from others.

  13. Scientific Names of Species • Cattle: Bos taurus, Bos indicus • Sheep: Ovis aires • Swine: Sui suidae • Horse: Euquis caballus • Chickens: Galus galus

  14. Breed • animals having a common ORIGIN and CHARACTERISTICS that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES.

  15. Purebred • individuals within a BREED. They must have all of the CHARACTERISTICS of the breed and have a recorded PEDIGREE.

  16. Pedigree • a record of an individual's ANCESTRY.

  17. Breeds of Cattle

  18. Angus

  19. Angus

  20. Hereford

  21. Charolais

  22. Charolais

  23. Brahman

  24. Brahman

  25. Shorthorn

  26. Shorthorn

  27. Simmental

  28. Simmental

  29. Salers

  30. Salers

  31. Texas Longhorn

  32. Red Angus

  33. Limousin

  34. Belted Galloway

  35. Beefmaster

  36. Holstein-Friesian

  37. Holstein-Friesian

  38. Guernsey

  39. Jersey

  40. Breeds of Sheep

  41. Rambouillet

  42. Rambouillet

  43. Columbia

  44. Suffolk

  45. Suffolk

  46. Hampshire

  47. Merino

  48. Dorset

  49. Lincoln

  50. Breeds of Swine

More Related