Mission & Organization of the USN and USNR

1. Mission & Organization of the USN and USNR Lesson 2

2. Learning Objectives • The student will know . . . • (1) the operational and administrative chains of command within the DON. • (2) the missions of the DON • (3) The 5 fundamental roles the Navy fulfills in support of the National Security Strategy

3. Learning Objectives • The student will know . . . • (4) the primary and secondary Mission of the Naval Reserve • (5) the role of the active forces in the training of the Naval Reserve • (6) the importance of channeling personnel serving with or under their leadership into the Naval Reserve should they decide to leave active service.

4. The United States Navy • What is our mission? What are our guiding principles? (What are we about?) • Forward . . . From the Sea (1994) • Our “Corporate Mission Statement” • Naval forces must be sufficient for • forward-presence operations in peacetime • credible enough to act as a significant deterrent • be able to fight from the sea in time of war. • Combines efforts of the Navy & USMC

5. The Department of the Navy • Guided by Forward . . . From the Sea, the mission of the DON is to • organize, train, equip, prepare, and maintain readiness of the US Navy & Marine Corps. • Support Navy and Marine forces when assigned to unified commands.

6. DON Composition • Navy Department • SECNAV • CNO, CMC, (Commandant of USCG) • Operating Forces • Ships, Aircraft, Submarines • Marines • Direct-support bases • Shore establishments not directly involved in supporting the fleet (NROTC, recruiting)

7. Secretary of the Navy • Civilian head of the Navy (appointed by President) • Under Secretary – chief assistant • Assistant Secretaries head offices of • Legislative affairs • program appraisal • research & development • manpower • etc.

8. Chief of Naval Operations • Senior military officer in the Navy • Member of the JCS • Principle advisor to SECNAV and President • In command of all administrative & training commands

9. CNO • Who is it? • Admiral… Admiral Mike Mullen

10. The roles of the U.S. Navy

11. Five roles of the US Navy • Projection of power from sea to land • Sea control and maritime supremacy • Strategic Deterrence • Strategic Sealift • Forward Naval Presence

12. Projection of power from sea to land Objectives • Deliver and support troops ashore • Secure land from the enemy • Destroy offensive capability of opponent • Harassment/Intimidation

13. Projection of power from sea to land • Tactics • Amphibious assault • Naval bombardment • Tactical air projection • SSBN deterrent patrol

14. Projection of power from sea to land • Forces used in power projection • Marines • Carrier air wings • Naval bombardment (used to with BB’s) • Cruise missiles (Tomahawk)

15. Sea Control and Maritime Supremacy • Objectives • Maintain use of the sea while denying its use to the enemy. • Control SLOC’s • Ensure industrial supply lines remain open • Reinforce/resupply military forces overseas • Provide wartime economic/military supplies to allies • Provide safety for naval forces projecting power ashore

16. Sea Control and Maritime Supremacy • Tactics • Sortie control • “Intercept” the enemy in port through blockade • Choke point control • Use geographic choke points to hinder enemy • Open-area operations • seek out and neutralize enemy on the open ocean • Local engagement

17. Sea Control and Maritime Supremacy • Forces used in sea control • Carrier air wings • Surface combatants • Attack subs • Mines

18. Strategic Deterrence • Objectives • Deter all-out attack on US or allies • To pose the threat of unacceptable losses to a potential aggressor • To maintain a stable international political environment

19. Strategic Deterrence • Background • Navy is responsible for one part of the nuclear triad • US Strategic Command with B-1’s, B-2’s • Land-based missiles (MX, Minuteman, Midgetman) • Seagoing nuclear-powered, fleet-ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) • With the end of the Cold War, SSBNs are the primary mode of deterrence today.

20. Strategic Deterrence • Tactics • Assured second strike • Trident missile - 4,000+ mile range. 24 per sub • Submarine is a survivable and credible deterrent • Controlled response • Attack plans can be changed in case of partial attack. • CVN, Tomahawk strike capability • Deter Third-World powers • Maintain balance of power

21. Strategic Sealift • Objective • To deliver U.S. (and allied) forces and sustaining supplies to any part of the world whenever needed

22. Strategic Sealift • Tactics • Prepositioning • Allows U.S. to place fuel, ammunition, etc. near crisis areas for delivery • Surge • Initial deployment of U.S.-based equipment and supplies in support of a contingency • Sustainment • Transport of re-supply cargo to stay abreast of force consumption rates and build up reserves

23. Forward Naval Presence • Objectives • To deter actions not in the interests of the United States or its allies • To encourage actions that are in the interests of the United States or its allies

24. Forward Naval Presence • Tactics • Preventative deployments • Provides forward presence • Routine ops (Med, Westpac) • Reactive deployments • Response to crisis • Iran, Beirut, Kuwait

25. Forward Naval Presence • Forces used • Carrier Battlegroups • One CVN • Two CG • Two DD/DDG • Two SSN • One FFG* • One Supply ship (AOE)

26. Aircraft Carrier • CV(N) • 11 Active • 9 Nimitz class • 1ea: Enterprise class, Kitty Hawk class • Armament • 2-3 Seasparrow • 3-4 20mm Phalanx • 85 Aircraft

27. Guided Missile Cruiser • CG • 22 active • Ticonderoga Class • Armament • Tomohawk Cruise Missiles • Standard Missiles (MK) • 6 MK46 Torpedoes • 2 MK45 5”/54 cal Guns • 2 Phalanx • 2 SH-60

28. Guided Missile Destroyers • DDG • Lots still active • Arleigh Burke Class • Armament • SM • Harpoon • VLA • Tomahawk • 6 Mk46 Torpedoes • 2 SH-60

29. Attack Submarine • SSN • 54 • Virginia Class – 1 • Seawolf Class – 3 • Los Angeles Class – 50 • Armament • Tomahawk • VLS • Mk48 Torpedoes

30. Frigate • FFG • 30 • Oliver Hazard Perry Class • Armament • SM (MR) • Harpoon • 6 Mk46 • 1 76mm / 62 cal MK75 • 1 Phalanx CIWS • 2 SH-60

31. Combined Ammunition, Oiler, Supply ship • USNS • Supply Class • 4 • T-AOE (MSC, Fast Combat Support Ship) • Armament • 2 CH-46E or MH-60S

32. The U.S. Naval Reserve

33. Mission of the US Naval Reserve • Primary: • To provide trained units and qualified individuals for active duty in time of war or national emergency and at other times required by national security • Secondary: • Assist active force in accomplishing its peacetime mission as a by-product of training for mobilization

34. Total Force Concept • Includes all the resources available to perform national defense missions. • Budgetary constraints do not allow for an active force capable of handling all contingencies. • Reserve training MUST be meaningful and mobilization enhancing.

35. Naval Reserve Categories • Ready Reserve • Consists of: • Selected Reserve • “One weekend per month, 2 weeks in the summer.” • Individual Ready Reserve • Not required to train • Can be called up for active duty for up to 90 days

36. Naval Reserve Categories • Training and Administration of Reserves (TAR) • Reservists serving in a full-time active duty status in support of Naval Reserve units

37. Naval Reserve Categories • Standby Reserve • 2 categories • Active Standby Reserve • Inactive Standby Reserve • Retired Reserve

38. Naval Reserve Units • Commissioned Units • Composed of ships, squadrons, construction battalions • Complete units delivered to an operating force • Reinforcing Units • Augment regular Navy commissioned units • Sustaining Units • Reinforce fleet and force support activities • Surge capabilities

39. Naval Reserve Administration • Organization • Chief of Naval Reserve – Active duty, reports to CNO • Commander Naval Reserve Force – Administration and Management • Elements • Surface – 4% of all commissioned ships • Air Reserve – 6% of the Navy’s aircraft inventory • Other Programs: Intel, Shipbuilding, Supply, Medical, Legal

40. Naval Reserve Training • Consists of • Regularly scheduled drill (weekends) • Rate training • Officer Professional Development • Shipboard Simulators

41. QUESTIONS? Reading: BJM Ch 3,4 http://www.defenselink.mil/specials/ insignias/enlisted.html