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AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH 20n CLASS NOTES 16o

AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH 20n CLASS NOTES 16o. Commercialization and the Transformation of the Rural Sector. CH 20: Guiding Q. How is the geography of agriculture changing in the Third Agricultural Revolution, and what are the impacts?.

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AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH 20n CLASS NOTES 16o

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  1. AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHYCH 20n CLASS NOTES 16o Commercialization and the Transformation of the Rural Sector

  2. CH 20: Guiding Q • How is the geography of agriculture changing in the Third Agricultural Revolution, and what are the impacts?

  3. Review: Difference between Subsistence & Commercial Farming • Subsistence • For personal consumption • Small farms • Common Methods • Slash and Burn • Shifting Cultivation • Labor INTENSIVE • Nomadic Pastoralism • Commercial • For sale • Large farms • Common Methods • Use of Biochemical fertilizers to replenish soil • Labor EXTENSIVE

  4. Commercial Agriculture Evolves • Feudalism • Industrialization • Imperialism – Seek Colonies & new land • Suitable Environments & plentiful labor = New farm types

  5. Making Money • Commercial Agriculture – • World markets for agricultural goods • Luxury Crops – • coffee, tea, tobacco

  6. Cash Crops • Non-subsistence • Colonially imposed on poor countries • Sugar, Cotton, Tobacco, Indigo, Rubber • Plantation Agriculture – • Cash Crop grown on large estates (monoculture) • Poor countries need $ generated this way

  7. World Agriculture

  8. Areas of Commercial Agriculture • 1. Dairying • 2. Fruit Crops • 3. Mixed livestock & Crop Farming • 4. Commercial Grain Farming

  9. Different Crops / Different Societies • WORLD’S 2 KEY GRAIN CROPS 1. WHEAT = Grown on large estates = Mechanized methods = Wealthier countries 2. RICE = Smaller land plots = labor intensive = poorer countries

  10. Important Cash / Luxury Crops NOT Easily Mapped? • “ILLEGAL” DRUGS • Demand great in wealthy countries • Profitable for poorer farmers to grow • Poppy or Coca Plants • HUGE source of revenue for Poor Countries

  11. Coca Plant Poppy Plant

  12. 3rd Agricultural Revolution • Biotechnology • Agribusiness – • Large scale, mechanized, industrial agriculture controlled by corporate interests • Suitcase Farm – Grain farm no one lives on

  13. Agribusiness Corporations

  14. The Green Revolution (farming) • Higher yield crops for developing countries claim • Rice, wheat, corn • Adv. Farming technologies = Increased Production claim • Narrow gap between pop growth and food need (Malthus) • Has it worked???

  15. The Labeling Debate

  16. CA Bill Defeated

  17. GMO Banned Countries

  18. CH 20: Guiding Q • How is the geography of agriculture changing in the Third Agricultural Revolution, and what are the impacts?

  19. UNIT 5 OVERARCHING Q • How does the relationship with the land, both in terms of food production and habitation, influence a country’s decisions / actions?

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